Author/Editor     Mehle, Nataša; Tušek-Žnidarič, Magda; Ravnikar, Maja
Title     Virusi na paradižniku v Sloveniji
Translated title     Viruses infecting tomato in Slovenia
Type     članek
Source     In: Maček J, editor. Zbornik predavanj in referatov 7. slovensko posvetovanje o varstvu rastlin; 2005 mar 8-10; Zreče. Ljubljana: Društvo za varstvo rastlin Slovenije,
Publication year     2005
Volume     str. 499-507
Language     slo
Abstract     Diagnostic laboratory at the National Institute of Biology is performing laboratory testing of viruses on vegetables and ornamentals, in the frame of a monitoring of quarantine and harmful pathogens carried out by the Phytosanitary Adminstration and Phytosanitary Inspection Service of the Republic of Slovenia. During last few years most frequently found viruses on tomato were CMV (Cucumber mosaic virus) and PVY (Potato virus Y). Occasionally, AMV (Alfalfa mosaic virus), TMV (Tobacco mosaic virus), ToMV (Tomato mosaic virus) and TSWV (Tomato spotted wilt virus), were found. Other, not identified particles were observed by electron microscopy, with the morphology corresponding to Cucumoviruses, Geminiviruses and Tobamoviruses. Quarantine pests, such as PepMV (Pepino mosaic virus), TYLCV (Tomato yellow leaf curl virus) and ToRSV (Tomato ringspot virus) have not been found, yet. CMV and PVY were often found in mixed infection, as well as in combinations with other viruses, for example a combination of PVY and TSWV was found, causing necrosis on stem and petioles, and leaves curling. ToMV, found in one tomato glasshouse in 2004, causing wilting and necrosis, the leaves were also wrinkled and chlorotic. In 2003, we analysed tomato plant expressing unusual symptoms of distinct chlorotic spots and wrinkles on fruits, and narrow, necrotic leaves. No above mentioned viruses were found by ELISA. Electron microscopy revealed very clear Rhabdoviridae particles and isometric particles of an unknown identity in sap of mechanically inoculated test plants Nicotiana tabacum cv. White Burley, Nicotiana clevelandii and Nicotiana benthamiana.
Summary     V okviru stalnega nadzora škodljivih organizmov, ki ga vršita fitosanitarna uprava in fitosanitarna inšpekcija, izvajamo na Nacionalnem inštitutu za biologijo laboratorijsko diagnostiko karantenskih in drugih škodljivih virusov na okrasnih rastlinah in vrtninah. Zadnja leta smo na paradižniku najpogosteje našli virusa CMV (Cucumber mosaic virus) in PVY (Potato virus Y), redkeje pa tudi AMV (Alfalfa mosaic virus), TMV (Tobacco mosaic virus), ToMV (Tomato mosaic virus) in TSWV (Tomato spotted wilt virus). Poleg tega smo z elektronskim mikroskopom opazili virusne delce, ki jih natančneje nismo uspeli identificirati, po morfologiji pa ustrezajo cucumo-, gemini- in tobamovirusom. Karantensko škodljivih virusov kot so PepMV (Pepino mosaic virus), TYLCV (Tomato yellow leaf curl virus) in ToRSV (Tomato ringspot virus) do sedaj v Sloveniji še nismo našli. Pogosto paradižnik okužujeta CMV in PVY hkrati, našli pa smo tudi druge mešane okužbe, kot npr. kombinacijo PVY in TSWV, pri kateri smo opazili nekroze na steblu in pecljih ter zvijanje listov. ToMV smo leta 2004 našli v enem rastlinjaku, kjer je povzročil sušenje in nekroze rastlin paradižnika, na listih pa smo opazili tudi kloroze in gubanje. Leta 2003 smo v testiranje prejeli paradižnik z nenavadnimi bolezenskimi znamenji: na plodovih so bile klorotične pege in gube, liste pa je imel ozke in nekrotične. Z ELISA zgoraj omenjenih virusov v tem vzorcu nismo dokazali, smo pa v mehansko inokuliranih testnih rastlinah Nicotiana tabacum cv. White Burley, Nicotiana clevelandii in Nicotiana benthamiana pod elektronskim mikroskopom opazili viruse iz družine Rhabdoviridae in neznane izometrične virusne delce. Ključne besede: virusi, paradižnik, Slovenija
Descriptors     POTATOES
PLANT VIRUSES
TOSPOVIRUS
ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY
POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION