Author/Editor		Orel, Rok
Title		Gastritis pri otrocih
Translated title		Gastritis in children
Type		članek
Source		Gastroenterolog
Vol. and No.		Letnik 9, št. 21
Publication year		2005
Volume		str. 40-6
Language		slo
Abstract		Inflammation of gastric mucosa - gastritis - is one of the most frequent gastrointestinal diseases in children. The diagnosis is based on finding of inflamed gastric mucosa on patohystological examination. Primary gastritis is caused by infection with Helicobacter pylori. In the developed countries about 10%, while in the developing countries about 80% of children are infected by the age of 10. The infection can be diagnosed by non-invasive tests, such as urea breath test. On the other hand, gastritis or ulcer disease can be diagnosed only by endoscopy and histology of bioptic specimens. Urease test is a quick diagnostic test of the infection. Although dyspeptic symptoms do not correlate with the infection with H. pylori in children treatment is mandatory for prevention of complications. Triple therapy with a proton pump inhibitor and two antibiotics (amoxicilline, metronidazole/tinidazole or claritromicine) is usually applied. Therapeutic success can be checked with urea breath test. Secondary gastritis and gastropathies are not caused by H. pylori infection. Thc most common causes are drugs. particularly non-steroidal antirheumatics-antipyretics, Crohn's disease, vasculitis. Henoch-Schonlein purpura, other autoimmune diseases, chronic: granulomatous disease. portal hypertension, bile reflux, coeliac disease, some infections, e.g. with cytomegalovirus, etc. However, the non-specific reactive gastritis of unknown origin is the most usual finding.
Summary		Vnetje želodčne sluznice - gastritis - je ena najpogostejših bolezni prebavil pri otrocih. Diagnozo lahko postavimo le z dokazom vnetnih sprememb pri patohistološkem pregledu žclodčne sluznice. Primarni gastritis povzroča okužba z bakterijo Helicobacter pylori. Pogostost okužbe pri otrocih v starosti 10 let jc v razvitih državah okrog l0-odstotna, v državah v razvoju pa več kot 80-odstotna. Dokažemo jo lahko z neinvazivnimi testi, predvsem z urea-dihalnim testom, gastritis in ulkusno bolezen, k sta povezana z njo, pa le z endoskopskim preglcdom in patohistološkim pregledom odvzemkov želodčne sluznice. Za hitro diagnozo je pomemben hitri ureazni test. Okužba jc značilno povezana z dispeptičnimi simptomi le pri ulkusni bolezni, vendar jo vselej zdravimo, da preprečimo kasnejše zaplete. Zdravljenje je tritirno, z zaviralcem protonske črpalke in z dvema antibiotikoma, najpogosteje amoksicilinom, metronidazolom/tinidazolom in klaritromicinom. Eradikacijo pri asimptomatskih otrocih preverjamo z urea-dihalnim testom. Gastritise in gastropatije, ki jih ne povzroča okužba s H. pylori, imenujemo sekundarne. Pomembni vzroki so jemanje zdravil, predvsem nesteroidnih antirevmatikov-antipiretikov, stres, fizikalna ali kemična poškodba, alergija in eozinofilni gastroenteritis, Crohnova bolezen, vaskulitisi, predvsem Henoeh-Schonleinova purpura. in druge sistemske avtoimunske bolezni, kroničua granulomatozna bolezen, portalna hipertenzija, žolčni refluks. celiakija in nekatere okužbe, npr. s citomegalovirusom. Najpogostejši pa je t.i. nespecifični reaktivni gastritis, katerega vzrok ni znan.
Descriptors		GASTRITIS HELICOBACTER PYLORI CHILD