Author/Editor		Manohin, Aleksander; Cibic, Ivan; Paver-Eržen, Vesna
Title		Anestezija v Sloveniji v okviru partizanske sanitete med drugo svetovno vojno
Translated title		Anasthesiology as an integral part of Slovene partisan medical services provided during the Second world war
Type		članek
Source		Zdrav Vestn
Vol. and No.		Letnik 75, št. 1
Publication year		2006
Volume		str. 39-46
Language		slo
Abstract		Background. The aim of this work was to describe the practice of anaesthesia in partisan military hospitals in Slovenia during the Second World War. The organisation of anaesthetic services delivered as an integral part of partisan medical care was unique in Europe and in the world. Healthcare givers exhibited a high level of professional knowledge as well as exceptional resourcefulness, adaptability, and willigness to cope with physical and psychological demands of their work. Conclusions. During the Second World War, a number of healthcare facilities for treatment of wounded and severly ill soldiers, run by partisan forces, were established on the territory of Slovenia. The paper deals with the first and most important, Slovene central military partisan hospital in Kočevski Rog, and the best-known, Franja and Pavla Hospitals in Primorska region (Franja was proposed for entry in UNESCOs list of World Heritage Sites). The authours used a large body of written documentation, as well as the testimony provided by the living witnesses of war events. The main characteristics of partisan fighting were constant movement of troops and absence of hinterland. Therefore, it was not possible to apply the basic principle of war medical services, i.e. evacuate wounded soldiers to the hinterland through graded units of care. No handbooks on the organization of partisan medical services were available at the time, and there were no hard and fast rules for action. Frequently, healthcare had to be provided before any arrangements for the management of wounded soldiers had been made. The apparently unsolvable problems had to be solved on the spot.The paper gives information not only on anasthesia but also on general conditions characteristic of that period. It is only in the light of this dramatically different situation that the role of anaesthetic services provided during the war can be understood correctly. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters)
Summary		Izhodišča. Namen dela je bil predstaviti anestezijo v okviru partizanske sanitete med drugo svetovno vojno v Slovenski centralni vojno-partizanski bolnišnici v Kočevskem rogu ter v bolnišnicah Franja in Pavla na Primorskem. Organizacija anestezijske dejavnosti v okviru partizanske sanitete med drugo svetovno vojno je bila edinstvena v takratni Evropi in v svetu in je pokazala ob zavidljivem strokovnem znanju takratnih zdravstvenih delavcev tudi njihovo izjemno spretnost in iznajdljivost ter prilagodljivost, hkrati pa tudi izjemne telesne in duševne napore, ki so jim bili izpostavljeni pri svojem človekoljubnem opravilu. Zaključki. Med drugo svetovno vojno so bile na območju Slovenije v okviru partizanskih enot ustanovljene številne postojanke za sprejem in zdravljenje bolnikov in ranjencev. Med njimi je bila prva in najpomembnejša Slovenska centralna-vojno partizanska bolnišnica v Kočevskem Rogu, javnosti pa je najbolj znana bolnišnica bolnišnica Franja, poleg nje pa tudi bolnišnica Pavla na Primorskem. Članek se omejuje na predstavitev naštetih bolnišnic. Pisanje temelji na obsežnem pisnem gradivu, v veliko pomoč pa so bili tudi podatki nekaterih še živečih udeležencev. Temeljna značilnost partizanskega načina bojevanja so bili neprestani premiki enot in odsotnost zaledja. Zato do tedaj poznana načela delovanja vojne sanitete niso bila uporabna, ker so določala evakuacijo ranjencev v zaledje in etapno zdravljenje na poti do končne postojanke. Ta načela so bila v partizanskem načinu bojevanja neuporabna. Za organizacijo partizanske sanitete ni bilo niti učbenikov niti priročnikov, pa tudi ne predpisanih šablon; še preden se je bilo mogoče dogovoriti, kam z ranjenci, so bili ranjenci že tu. Reševati je bilo potrebno na videz nerešljiva vprašanja in premagovati težave neznanih in težko predvidljivih razsežnosti. (Izvleček prekinjen pri 2000 znakih)
Descriptors		WAR CIVIL DEFENSE ANESTHESIOLOGY OPERATING ROOMS ANESTHESIA, LOCAL HOSPITALS ANESTHESIA, GENERAL ANESTHESIA, CONDUCTION SLOVENIA