Author/Editor		Logar, Jernej; Šoba, Barbara; Berce, Ingrid; Merljak-Skočir, Lilijana; Drinovec, Bojan; Premru-Sršen, Tanja; Novak-Antolič, Živa
Title		Prekuženost nosečnic s Toxoplasma gondii v dveh zemljepisno in podnebno različnih področjih Slovenije
Translated title		Toxoplasmosis among pregnant women in two different geographic locations and climatic conditions od Slovenia
Type		članek
Source		Med Razgl
Vol. and No.		Letnik 45, št. 1
Publication year		2006
Volume		str. 75-8
Language		slo
Abstract		A zoonosis called toxoplasmosis, which is caused by the protozoon Toxoplasma gondii, occurs worldwide. The prevalence of Toxoplasma infection varies in different populations, probably due to differences in exposure to Toxoplasma oocysts deposited in the environment by cats, different eating habits, hygiene standards and differences in climatic conditions and geographical location with respect to altitude. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis among pregnant women in two parts of Slovenia depends on different climatic conditions and different geographical locations. From 1 January 1999 to the end of 2003, 7134 pregnant women from the littoral area of the Adriatic coast were serologically examined using enzyme immunoassay for Toxoplasma IgG antibodies and compared to 8162 pregnant women from the continental central part of Slovenia who were serologically tested for Toxoplasma infection. In the Primorska region, where the weather is warm, dry and windy, and has a mild coastal climate without snow in winter, among 7134 pregnant women 4711 were Toxoplasma negative and 2185 (31%) Toxoplasma positive; 95% CI (30%, 32%). In the continental area, where the climate is more humid, with higher rainfall and colder winters with snow, among 8162 pregnant women's sera, 4922 were Toxoplasma negative and 3240 (40%) Toxoplasma positive; 95% CI (39%, 41%). Statistically significant Toxoplasma positivity found among pregnant women in two areas of Slovenia (p < 0.0001) suggests that environmental conditions may affect the viability of the Toxoplasma oocysts and thus not only modulate the risk of Toxoplasma ingestion with soil, but also indirectly affect disease transmitted via different types of infected meat in these areas.
Summary		Toksoplazmoza je zoonoza, ki jo povzroča zajedavec Toxoplasma gondii. Razširjena je povsod po svetu. Razširjenost okužbe med ljudmi je odvisna od izpostavljenosti ljudi oocistam, ki jih z iztrebki izločajo mačke, od prehrambenih in higienskih navad ljudi, ter od različnih podnebnih in zemljepisnih dejavnikov. Namen raziskave je bilo ugotoviti vpliv podnebnih in zemljepisnih dejavnikov na okuženost nosečnic z zajedavcem v dveh različnih področjih Slovenije, na severnem in južnem Primorskem ter v osrednjem delu Slovenije. Od 1. januarja 1999 do 31. decembra 2003 smo z encimskima testoma Trinity, Biotech in bioMerieux za dokaz IgG protiteles proti T, gondii pregledali 7134 serumov nosečnic iz severno primorskega (Novogoriškega) in južno primorskega (Koprskega) področja ter s Cobas-Core, Roche testom 8162 serumov nosečnic iz osrednjega dela Slovenije. Na primorskem področju, kjer so vročina, suha in vetrovna poletja, ter mile zime brez snega, smo s serološkimi preiskavami na T. gondii med 7134 nosečnicami našli 4949 (69,4 %) negativnih in 2285 (30,6 %) pozitivnih nosečnic; 95% CI (30%, 32%). V celinskem osrednjem delu Slovenije, za katerega je značilno bolj vlažno podnebje z več padavinami in mrzlimi zimami s snegom, pa smo pri 8162 serumih testiranih nosečnic ugotovili 4922 (60,3 %) negativnih in 3240 (39,7 %) pozitivnih nosečnic; 95 % CI (39%, 41%). Menimo, da je statistično značilna razlika v prekuženosti nosečnic z zajedavcem v dveh različnih področjih Slovenije posledica razlik v zemljepisnih in podnebnih dejavnikih, ki delujejo na oociste zajedavca v okolju. To ima za posledico razlike v prekuženosti pri živalih in pri ljudeh, ki meso okuženih živali uživajo.
Descriptors		PREGNANCY TOXOPLASMA TOXOPLASMOSIS CLIMATE SLOVENIA