Author/Editor		Paragi, Matka; Kastrin, Tamara; Kolman, Jana; Čižman, Milan; Gubina, Marija; Ribič, Helena
Title		Spremljanje občutljivosti invazivnih izolatov bakterije Streptococcus pneumoniae za antibiotike v Sloveniji
Translated title		The antimicrobial susceptibility in invasive isolates of bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae in Slovenia
Type		članek
Source		Med Razgl
Vol. and No.		Letnik 45, št. Suppl 2
Publication year		2006
Volume		str. 29-37
Language		slo
Abstract		Streptococcus pneumoniae is among the most significant causes of bacterial invasive diseases in humans. During the observed period (from 2002 to 2005), the incidence of pneumococcal infections in Slovenia increased, especially among adult patients. The resistance figures were twice as high in children as in adult patients. A significant rise in antibiotic resistance has been observed since 2002, especially in the year 2004. In 2005, a decrease in resistance to penicillin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline and erythromycin was observed. Isolates showing resistance to penicillin among adult patients belonged to serotypes 14, 9V, 19F and 19A, while 6B was more frequent in children. We identified the molecular basis of macrolide resistance. The prevalent mechanism resulted from the presence of the erm(B) (59%) gene, followed by the mef (33%) gene. A correlation was found between the erm(B) gene and serotype 6B, and between the mef gene and serotype 14.
Summary		Streptococcus pneumoniae je eden najpogostejših povzročiteljev invazivnih obolenj pri ljudeh. V opazovanem obdobju (med letoma 2002 in 2005) je pojavnost pnevmokoknih okužb v Sloveniji naraščala zlasti pri odraslih bolnikih. Podatki o občutljivosti S. pneumoniae pri otrocih so pokazali v povprečju skoraj dvakrat večje deleže odpornih izolatov kot pri odraslih. Od leta 2002, zlasti v letu 2004, je prišlo do porasta odpornosti proti nekaterim antibiotikom. V letu 2005 smo zabeležili padec odpornosti proti penicilinu, trimetoprimu s sulfametoksazolom, tetraciklinu in eritromicinu celo pod nivo iz leta 2002. Izolati, ki so bili odporni proti penicilinu, so pripadali serotipom 14, 9V, 19F in 19A ter serotipu 6B, ki je bil pogostejši pri otrocih. Z molekularnimi metodami smo določili mehanizme odpornosti proti makrolidom. V Sloveniji je bil prevladujoč mehanizem odpornosti proti makrolidom, določen z molekularnimi metodami, posledica pridobitve gena erm(B) (59%) in gena mef (33%). Gen erm(B) je bil povezan s serotipom 6B, gen mef pa s serotipom 14.
Descriptors		STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE ANTIBIOTICS DRUG RESISTANCE, MICROBIAL NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE BACTERIAL INFECTIONS PENICILLIN RESISTANCE