Author/Editor		Farkas, Leslie G; Katič, Marko J; Forrest, Christopher R; Tomazo-Ravnik, T
Title		International anthropometric study of facial morphology in various ethnic groups/races
Type		članek
Source		J Craniofac Surg
Vol. and No.		Letnik 16, št. 4
Publication year		2005
Volume		str. 615-46
Language		eng
Abstract		When anthropometric methods were introduced into clinical practice to quantify changes in the craniofacial framework, features distinguishing various races/ethnic groups were discovered. To treat congenital or post-traumatic facial disfigurements in members of these groups successfully, surgeons require access to craniofacial databases based on accurate anthropometric measurements. Normative data of facial measurements are indispensable to precise determination of the degree of deviations from the normal. The set of anthropometric measurements of the face in the population studied was gathered by an international team of scientists. Investigators in the country of the given ethnic group, experienced and/or specially trained in anthropometric methods, carried out the measurements. The normal range in each resultant database was then established, providing valuable information about major facial characteristics. Comparison of the ethnic groups' databases with the established norms of the North America whites (NAW) offered the most suitable way to select a method for successful treatment. The study group consisted of 1470 healthy subjects (18 to 30 years), 750 males and 720 females. The largest group (780 subjects, 53.1%) came from Europe, all of them Caucasians. Three were drawn from the Middle-East (180 subjects, 12.2%), five from Asia (300 subjects, 20.4%) and four from peoples of African origin (210 subjects, 14.3%). (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters)
Descriptors		ETHNIC GROUPS CEPHALOMETRY FACE ORBIT NOSE ADULT EAR EUROPE ASIA NORTH AMERICA SEX FACTORS