Author/Editor     Ferech, Matus; Coenen, Samuel; Malhotra-Kumar, Surbhi; Dvorakova, Katerina; Hendrickx, Erik; Suetens, Carl; Goossens, Herman; Čižman, Milan
Title     European surveillance of antimicrobial consumption (ESAC): outpatient antibiotic use in Europe
Type     članek
Source     J Antimicrob Chemother
Vol. and No.     Letnik 58, št. 2
Publication year     2006
Volume     str. 401-7
Language     eng
Abstract     Background: The ESAC project, granted by DG SANCO of the European Commission, is an international network of surveillance systems, aiming to collect comparable and reliable data on antibiotic use in Europe. Data on outpatient antibiotic use were collected from 34 countries using the ATC/DDD methodology. Methods: For the period 1997-2003, data on outpatient use of systemic antibiotics aggregated at the level of the active substance were collected and expressed in DDD (WHO, version 2004) per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID). Outpatient antibiotic (ATC J01) use in 25 European countries, able to deliver valid data, was analysed. Results: Total outpatient antibiotic use in 2003 varied by a factor of 3 between the country with the highest (31.4 DID in Greece) and the country with the lowest (9.8 DID in the Netherlands) use. General use patterns in individual countries as well as trends during the period 1997-2003 are described in this paper, while major antibiotic classes (penicillins, cephalosporins, macrolides/lincosamides/streptogramins and quinolones) will be analysed in detail in separate papers. Conclusion: The ESAC project established for the first time a credible alternative to industry sources for the collection of internationally comparable data on antibiotic use in Europe, based on cooperation between regulatory authorities, scientific societies, health insurers and professional organizations. These data provide a tool for assessing public health strategies aiming to optimize antibiotic prescribing.
Descriptors     ANTIBIOTICS
DRUG UTILIZATION
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY
AMBULATORY CARE
EUROPE