Author/Editor     Turel, Matjaž
Title     Kajenje, KOPB, odvajanje in še kaj
Translated title     Smoking, COPB, smoking cessation and more
Type     članek
Source     Med Razgl
Vol. and No.     Letnik 45, št. Suppl 1
Publication year     2006
Volume     str. 133-7
Language     slo
Abstract     Cigarette smoking is one of the most important preventable causes of morbidity and mortality in the developed world. It has been proved that cigarette smoke contains several thousand different substances and that some of them are not only pharmacologically active, but also cytotoxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic. The drug responsible for smoking dependency is nicotine. The most common causes of early morbidity and mortality among smokers include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer and atherosclerosis. Approximately 85% of deaths due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and 20% of deaths due to coronary heart disease are smoking-related. Only 10% of people suffering from lung cancer are nonsmokers. The newborns of mothers who smoke have on average 170 g lower body weight compared to those whose mothers are nonsmokers. Smoking cessation dramatically lowers the risk of smoking-related morbidity. It is the responsibility of physicians to continually remind smokers of the risks they are exposing themselves to and to help them cease smoking. There are also several pharmacological substances available to help them achieve this goal.
Summary     Kajenje cigaret je najpomembnejši preprečljivi vzrok obolevanja in prezgodnje smrti v razvitem svetu. V cigaretnem dimu so do sedaj dokazali nekaj tisoč razfičnih snovi. Med njimi so nekatere farmakološko aktivne, druge citotoksične, karcinogene in mutagene. Nikotin je "droga", ki povzroča odvisnost od cigaretnega lima. Kronična obstruktivna pljučna bolezen, rak in aterosklerotične bolezni srca in ožilja so najpogostejši vzrok za prezgodnje obolevanje in smrtnost pri kadilcih. Približno 85% smrti, ki so posledica kronične obstruktivne bolezni, je povezano s kajenjem. Med obolelimi za pljučnim rakom je le okoli 10% nekadilcev. Za približno 20 smrti, ki so posledica koronarne bolezni, je odgovorno kajenje. Novorojenčki mater kadilk so v povprečju 170 g lažji kot novorojenčki nekadilk. Opustitev kajenja dramatično zniža tveganje za nastanek bolezni, povezane s kajenjem. V kolikor vemo, da naš bolnik kadi, smo ga dolžni vedno znova opozarjati, kakšnemu tveganju se izpostavlja in mu pri opuščanju kajenja pomagati. Za pomoč pri odvajanju so na voljo tudi farmakološki pripravki.
Descriptors     LUNG DISEASES, OBSTRUCTIVE
SMOKING
LUNG NEOPLASMS
CORONARY DISEASE
SMOKING CESSATION