Author/Editor		Grosek, Štefan; Primožič, Janez; Ihan, Alojz; Wraber, Branka; Gabrijelčič, Tone; Kosin, Miro
Title		Interleukin-10, T-lymphocytes, and cardiac output in children after ventricular septal defect repair: a pilot study
Type		članek
Source		Intensive Care Med
Vol. and No.		Letnik 32, št. 5
Publication year		2006
Volume		str. 780-4
Language		eng
Abstract		Objective: To evaluate the acute inflammatory response and cardiac output in children after surgery for ventricular septal defect. Design and setting: Prospective, observational study in a level III multidisciplinary neonatal and pediatric intensive care unit. Patients: Ten children undergoing open-heart surgery for ventricular septal defect. Interventions: All children received methylprednisolone (30[Symbol: see text]mg/kg) in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) prime. Measurements and results: Before and after cardiopulmonary bypass, plasma interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor alpha were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood by flow cytometry. Relative values (post-/pre-CPB) of interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor alpha were calculated. The cardiac index (CI) was measured continuously beat-to-beat by a pulse contour analysis (PiCCO). Children above the cutoff value (median cardiac index value 3.0[Symbol: see text]l[Symbol: see text]min(- 1)[Symbol: see text]m(- 2)) were designated as the normal CI group and those below this value as the low CI group. In the normal CI group the relative values of interleukin-10 remained almost seven times higher than pre-CPB values at 24[Symbol: see text]h while in the low CI group they decreased almost to pre-CPB values. Furthermore, the normal CI group, but not the low CI group, exhibited more than threefold decrease in T-lymphocytes (lymphocyte T-cells, T-helper cells, and cytotoxic T-cells) 24[Symbol: see text]h after CPB. Conclusions: Children operated on for ventricular septal defect developed either a normal or low CI. The higher relative values of interleukin-10 and lower counts of lymphocyte T-cells, T-helper and cytotoxic T-cells differentiated the normal CI group from the low CI group at 24[Symbol: see text]h after cardiopulmonary bypass.
Descriptors		HEART SEPTAL DEFECTS, VENTRICULAR T-LYMPHOCYTES INTERLEUKIN-10 TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR CARDIAC OUTPUT CHILD METHYLPREDNISOLONE CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS IMMUNOPHENOTYPING VASCULAR RESISTANCE SEPSIS SYNDROME ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY