Author/Editor		Rakovec-Fras, Zlatka
Title		Pojav izgorevanja med zdravstvenim osebjem
Translated title		Burnout in health professionals
Type		članek
Source		Obz Zdrav Nege
Vol. and No.		Letnik 40, št. 3
Publication year		2006
Volume		str. 143-8
Language		slo
Abstract		The dictionary defines burnout as to fail, to wear out, or to become exhausted by making excessive demands ore energy, strenght, or resources. As the state of exhaustion, burnout was first described by Freudenberger in the year 1974. Independently, and at about the same time, Maslach studied the ways in which health care professionals cope with emotional tension at work and observed that many professionals were emotionally exhausted, developed negative perceptions about their patients, and experienced a crisis ire their professional competence (34%). Almost immediately after its discovery, burnout became a very popular topic. Over 1000 empirical studies were carried out, predominantly in health care (34%) and teaching (27%). But purpose of this article is not to get comprehensive overview of its history and prevalence only. First of all potential protective forms of interventions in health care setting. Therefore our attention is paided to following sections: - symptoms and assessment of burnout, - the prevalence, causes and consequences and - stress and depression - similarities and differences, - the teamwork and organisational interventions, - the workplace counselling system.
Summary		V slovarju besed je izgorevanje opredeljeno kot upad energije in moči, kot izčrpanost zaradi stalnega prenaprezanja, trošenja razpoložljive energije in moči. Stanje je prvi opisal l. 1974 Herbert Freudenberger. Neodvisno, skoraj v istem času, je Maslachova, proučevala načine, kako se s pojavom čustvene ogroženosti spoprijema zdravstveno osebje. Opazila je, da velik del zdravstvenega osebja izkazuje znake čustvene izpraznjenosti, razvije zaradi dela z bolniki, posledično do njih odklonilen odnos, in je zato v njihovi oskrbi manj uspešno (34% pogostost). Kmalu po prvih opisih pojava, je zanirnanje za problematiko izgorevanja neverjetno poraslo. Pojavilo se je kakih 1000 empiričnih raziskav, od tega jih je steklo največ na področju zdravstvene nege (34%) in šolstva (27%). Namen tega prispevka pa ni toliko zgoščena predstavitev zgodovine, in tudi ne pojavnosti izgorevanja, pač pa prej vpogled v možne oblike zaščite in pomoči pri delu z ljudmi, in še posebno pri delu z bolniki in njihovimi svojci. Zaradi tega pozornost v članku namenjamo naslednjim temam: - znaki in ocena izgorevanja, - pogostost, vzroki in posledice, - stres in depresija - podobnosti in razlike, - delovna skupina in organizacijske intervencije, - službe organizirane psihološke pomoči.
Descriptors		BURNOUT, PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE STRESS, PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPRESSION HEALTH MANPOWER