Author/Editor		Rednak-Paradiž, Katarina; Mlaker, Martina; Paro-Panjan, Darja; Radešček-Rakar, Rasta
Title		Prirojena okužba s citomegalovirusom
Translated title		Congenital cytomegalovirus infection
Type		članek
Source		Zdrav Vestn
Vol. and No.		Letnik 75, št. 11
Publication year		2006
Volume		str. 727-32
Language		slo
Abstract		Background CMV is the most common agent that causes congenital virus infection. Only 10% of infected children have symptomatic infection immediately after birth. Signs of central nervous system damage, neurosensory deafness and delayed psychomotor development may manifest as a result of asimptomatic congenital infection later in childhood. In the article we present basic properties of CMV; we describe clinical picture of the congenital infection and possibilities of diagnose and its treatment. We present five children with symptomatic congenital CMV infection that were hospitalized for the period 1992-2002 at the Neonatal department in the University Children's Hospital in Ljubljana. Conclusions Identification of infected neonates, especially those with asimptomatic congenital CMV infection, is difficult. Latest incidence of infection in Slovenia is unknown. with new investigations the efficiency of antiviral therapy was discovered but exact indications for therapy are not yet known. CMV vaccine, once available, may ultimately be the best control strategy for this important public health problem. Proper educating women in childbearing age about the risks of CMV and how to avoid disease transmission during pregnancy (hand washing, avoiding mouth-to-mouth contact with preschool children, usage of gloves especially when handling dipers or respiratory secretions) are the only control strategies available.
Summary		Izhodišča CMV je najpogostejši povzročitelj prirojene virusne okužbe pri otrocih. Le 10% okuženih otrok ima ob rojstvu klinične znake okužbe. Pri okuženih otrocih brez simptomov okužbe po rojstvu pa se lahko kasneje razvije senzorinevralna izguba sluha, pojavijo se motnje v razvoju ter umska manjrazvitost. V članku smo opisali osnovne značilnosti CMV virusa, klinično sliko, novosti diagnosticiranja ter možnosti zdravljenja okužbe in predstavili pet otrok s simptomatsko klinično sliko okužbe, ki so bili v desetletnem obdobju odkriti na Neonatalnem oddelku Pediatrične klinike v Ljubljani. Zaključki Odkrivanje predvsem asimptomatskih oblik prirojene okužbe s CMV je težko. Novejših podatkov o incidenci prirojene okužbe s CMV v Sloveniji nimamo. Z novimi raziskavami strokovnjaki odkrivajo uspešnost protivirusnega zdravljenja z ganciklovirjem, toda natančne indikacije za zdravljenje še niso podane. Cepivo, ki bi bil najboljši način nadzora tega javnozdravstvenega problema, zaenkrat še ni razvito. Dobra higiena rok, izogibanje kontakta usta na usta ter kontakta z izločki iz zgornjih dihal predvsem pri predšolskih otrocih ostajajo pri mladih ženskah v rodni dobi pomembne metode preprečevanja okužbe s CMV.
Descriptors		CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS CYTOMEGALOVIRUS