Author/Editor     Kmet-Lunaček, Nina; Kotar, Tadeja; Planinc-Strunjaš, Natalija; Parać, Zlatko; Smrke, Dragica Maja; Triller, Ciril; Jereb, Matjaž
Title     Nekrotizirajoči fasciitis - urgentno stanje v infektologiji
Translated title     Necrotizing fasciitis - urgent situation in the infectology
Type     članek
Source     In: Gričar M, Vajd R, editors. Urgentna medicina: izbrana poglavja 2007. Zbornik 14. mednarodni simpozij o urgentni medicini; 2007 jun 20-23; Portorož. Ljubljana: Slovensko združenje za urgentno medicino,
Publication year     2007
Volume     str. 208-12
Language     slo
Abstract     Necrotizing fascitiis is a relatively rare soft tissue infection with a high 30-70% mortality rate. In USA the yearly incidence is 5-10 cases in 100.000 inhabitans annual. Based on etiology, we can distinguish between two types of necrotizing fascitiis. Type one is a polymicrobic infection, while type two is caused by a single bacteria, most commonly Streptococcus pyogenes. The pathogenesis of necrotizing fascitiis is usually traced back to a primary minor skin trauma and its most common location are the lower limbs. At its onset the disease exhibits clinical signs similar to cellulitis. The onset is sudden with high fever and chills, while the skin above the infected section is swollen and reddened. Multi-organ failure and a toxic shock like syndrome set on early in the course of the disease. Prognostically, it is of vital importance to recognise patients with a necrotizing soft tissue infection as soon as possible, aided by clinical signs and scoring systems. Patients with necrotizing fascitiis always call for a combined surgical and systemic antibiotic treatment. The article presents the main etiologic and pathogenic characteristics of necrotizing fasciitis, its diagnostic and clinical picture as well as the main principles of antibiotic and surgical treatment. A two clinical cases of patients with necrotizing fascitiis that have been treated in the past year at the Clinic for Infectious diseases and febrile states in Ljubljana. are also presented.