Author/Editor     Godič-Torkar, Karmen
Title     Prisotnost bakterije Bacillus cereus v bolniškem oddelku in kužninah, tvorba enterotoksinov ter njena občutljivost za antibiotike
Translated title     The presence of the bacterium Bacillus cereus in the clinical department and in the infectious samples, its enterotoxin production and susceptibility to antibiotics
Type     članek
Source     Obz Zdrav Nege
Vol. and No.     Letnik 43, št. 1
Publication year     2009
Volume     str. 21-9
Language     slo
Abstract     Introduction: The greatest risk for transfer of infections caused by microorganisms is in hospitals and other medical institutions. Acountable for the prevention of nosocomial infections are not only hygienic services but also special committees for hospital infection prevention and control. The latter is comprised of medical doctors, nurses, epidemiologists, clinical microbiologists, pharmacists and sanitary engineers. Aim: Bacillus cereus is asporeform, potentially pathogenic microorganism which may cause serious infections. The aim of the study was to determine the presence of its isolatesin clinical environments. The antibiotic susceptibility and enterotoxin production of the tested strains was also examined. Methods: Standard microbiological procedures were used in identification and isolation of B. cereus strains from 38 swabs taken from the surfaces of the equipment and instruments in sickrooms in one of the clinical departments in August 2007. The susceptibility of 60 B.cereus isolates from clinical specimens and foods to antibiotics was determined by Kirby-Bauer disc-diffusion method. For establishing the production of diarrhoeal enterotoxins, the Duopathr GLISA Cereus Enterotoxin test kit was used. Results: In 6 (15.8 %) out of 38 collected swabs the presence of B. cereus was determined, namely from the surfaces of the soap saucer, package of the disinfectant, the meal serving, tray, bed lining, dirty linen basket and used syringe container. The second part of the experiment included the estimation of antimicrobial susceptibilityof 60 clinical and food B. cereus isolates. All tested strains were susceptible to streptomycin and gentamycin, 90% of them to clindamycin and vancomycin, and 67% of strains to erythromycin. All isolates were resistant to amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, ampicillin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, cloxacillin, cefotaxime with clavulanic acid and penicillin. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters)
Summary     Izhodišča: Največje tveganje za prenos okužb z mikroorganizmi je v bolni nicahin drugih zdravstvenih ustanovah. Pomembno vlogo pri preprečevanju bolnišničnih okužb imajo poleg higienskih služb predvsem komisije za obvladovanje bolnišničnih okužb, ki združujejo strokovnjake različnih specialnosti - zdravnike, medicinske sestre, epidemiologe, klinične mikrobiologe, farmacevte in sanitarne inženirje. Namen: Ker je sporotvorna potencialno patogena bakterija Bacillus cereus možna povzročiteljica bolnišničnih okužb, je bil namen poskusa ugotoviti njeno prisotnost v kliničnem okolju. Pri dobljenih kliničnih izolatih in izolatih iz živil je bila testirana občutljivost za antibiotike in sposobnost tvorbe toksinov. Metode: Za izolacijo in identifikacijo sevov B. cereus iz 38 brisov površin na opremi in inštrumentih v bolniških sobah, odvzetih v avgustu 2007, so se uporabile standardne mikrobiološke preiskave. Za 60 bakterijskih sevov B. cereus je bila s Kirby-Bauerjevo difuzijsko metodo z diski preskušena občutljivost za antibiotike in s testom Duopathr GLISA Cereus Enterotoxins sposobnost tvorbe diarealnih enterotoksinov. Rezultati: B. cereus je bil prisoten v šestih (15,8%) od 38 brisov, in sicer v brisih, odvzetih na površini podstavka za milo, embalaže z razkužilom, pladnja za hrano, posteljne podloge, uporabljenega tulca za odvzem krvi in koša za perilo. Vseh 60 sevov, osamljenih iz kužnin in živil, je bilo občutljivih za streptomicin in gentamicin, 90% jih je bilo občutljivih za klindamicin in vankomicin, medtem ko jih je bilo 67% občutljivih za eritromicin. Vsi izolati so bili odporni proti amoksicilinu s klavulansko kislino, ampicilinu, cefotaksimu,ciprofloksacinu, kloksacilinu, cefotaksimu s klavulansko kislino in penicilinu. Kar 98,3% preskušenih sevov je tvorilo nehemoliti ni diarealni toksin, medtem ko jih je 31,7% tvorilo hemoliti ni diarealni toksin. (Izvleček prekinjen pri 2000 znakih)