| Author/Editor | Buretić-Tomljanović, Alena; Giacometti, Jasminka; Ostojić, Saša; Kapović, Miljenko | |
| Title | Sex-specific differences of craniofacial traits in Croatia: the impact of environment in a small geographic area | |
| Type | članek | |
| Source | Ann Hum Biol | |
| Vol. and No. | Letnik 34, št. 3 | |
| Publication year | 2007 | |
| Volume | str. 296-314 | |
| Language | eng | |
| Abstract | Background: Craniometric variation in humans reflects different genetic and environmental influences. Long-term climatic adaptation is less likely to show an impact on size and shape variation in a small local area than at the global level. Aim: The aim of this work was to assess the contribution of the particular environmental factors to body height and craniofacial variability in a small geographic area of Croatia. Subjects and methods: A total of 632 subjects, aged 18-21, participated in the survey. Body height, head length, head breadth, head height, head circumference, cephalic index, morphological face height, face breadth, and facial index were analysed regarding geographic, climatic and dietary conditions in different regions of the country, and correlated with the specific climatic variables (cumulative multiyear sunshine duration, cumulative multiyear average precipitation, multiyear average air temperatures) and calcium concentrations in drinking water. Significant differences between groups classified according to geographic, climatic or dietary affiliation, and the impact of the environmental predictors on the variation in the investigated traits were assessed using multiple forward stepwise regression analyses. Results: Higher body height measures in both sexes were significantly correlated with Mediterranean diet type. Mediterranean diet type also contributed to higher head length and head circumference measures in females. Cephalic index values correlated to geographic regions in both sexes, showing an increase from southern to eastern Croatia. In the same direction, head length significantly decreased in males and head breadth increased in females. Mediterranean climate was associated with higher and narrower faces in females. The analysis of the particular climatic variables did not reveal a significant influence on body height in either sex. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters) | |
| Descriptors | ENVIRONMENT BODY HEIGHT CEPHALOMETRY CROATIA DATA COLLECTION DIET FACIAL BONES SEX FACTORS SKULL |