Author/Editor		Rose, Neil L; Cogalniceanu, Dan; Appleby, Peter G; Brancelj, Anton
Title		Atmospheric contamination and ecological changes inferred from the sediment record of Lacul Negru in the Retezat National Park, Romania
Type		članek
Source		In: Catalan J, Curtis CJ, Kernan M, editors. Patterns and factors of biota distribution in remote European lakes. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart science publishers,
Publication year		2010
Volume		str. 319-50
Language		eng
Abstract		Lacul Negru is a remote lake located in the Carpathian Mountains of Romania, within the Retezat National Park. In 2000, four sediment cores were taken from the deep area of the lake for a multi-pollutant, multi-proxy study to determine temporal trends in pollutant inputs and ecological change. One core was radiometrically dated and the other cores correlated to it by lithostratigraphic means. Analyses included persistent organic pollutants (POPs), trace elements, spheroidal carbonaceous particles (SCPs), carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S), pigments, and the preserved remains of cladocerans and chironornids. Indications of contarnination from as early as the 16th century occur in the records of zinc (Zn) and cadrnium (Cd) and from the 18th century for 1ead (Pb) and mercury (Hg).Temporal agreement between the records of Hg, Pb, arsenic (As) and SCPs suggests recent contarnination from coal combustion sources, while the record of pyrolitic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) also implicates other industrial sources. The level of contarnination in thesediments of Lacul Negru is typically higher than in mountain lakes in Scandinavia, but lower than that found in the Tatra Mountains, the Central A1ps and in the UK. Chironornid, cladoceran, elemental (C, N and S) and pigment data all indicate changes in response to an increase in the trophic status of the lake since the beginning of the 20th century which may be linked to the introduction of grazing animals between 1920 and 1960. Elemental analysis also points to an increase in autochthonous production whi1e pigment data indicate and increase in invertebrate grazing pressure within the lake. (Abstract runcated at 2000 characters)
Descriptors		FRESH WATER ECOSYSTEM GEOLOGIC SEDIMENTS WATER POLLUTANTS TRACE ELEMENTS CARBON NITROGEN SULFUR CRUSTACEA CHIRONOMIDAE ROMANIA