Author/Editor     Jeromel, Miran; Pavčnik, Dušan
Title     Intrahepatic cauda/inferior vena cava interruption with azygos/hemiazygos continuation. Vascular anomaly in swine
Translated title     Odsotnost spodnje vene kave z nadaljevanjem poteka vene azygos/hemiazygos. Žilna nepravilnost pri prašičjem živalskem modelu
Type     članek
Source     Radiol Oncol
Vol. and No.     Letnik 44, št. 3
Publication year     2010
Volume     str. 149-52
Language     eng
Abstract     Background. Electrochemotherapy is a local treatment combining application of electric pulses and chemotherapy. Two chemotherapeutic drugs, bleomycin and cisplatin, have proved to be effective in electrochemotherapy. The effectiveness of electrochemotherapy was demonstrated in the treatment of various cutaneous and subcutaneous tumours in cancer patients. Only a few preclinical studies were performed in colorectal carcinoma, mostly using bleomycin. Our aim was to evaluate the sensitivity of the murine colorectal carcinoma cell line CMT-93 to electrochemotherapy with bleomycin and cisplatin for potential use in preclinical and clinical studies. Methods. CMT-93 cells were exposed to either the chemotherapeutic drug alone or electrochemotherapy. A clonogenic assay was used to determine cell survival after treatment. Apoptosis was measured by caspase-3/7 activity, necrosis by changes in cell morphology and cell viability by the MTS assay 16 hours after electrochemotherapy. Results. Cells treated with electrochemotherapy were 500-fold more sensitive to bleomycin and 2.8-fold more sensitive to cisplatin compared to cells treated with the drugs alone. At the highest concentrations, a significant reduction in cell viability, increase in caspase-3/7 activity and necrotic cells were observed after electrochemotherapy. Conclusions. Exposure of cells to electric pulses enhanced cytotoxicity of both bleomycin and cisplatin. Reduced cell viability was due to apoptotic and necrotic cell death. Furthermore, electrochemotherapy with bleomycin was more cytotoxic than electrochemotherapy with cisplatin in this colorectal carcinoma cell line.
Descriptors     VENA CAVA, INFERIOR
AZYGOS VEIN
PHLEBOGRAPHY
DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL
SWINE