Abstract | | Background. The last ominous meeting between Billroth and Pirogov is presented in the article. Conslusions. Among the close friends of Theodor Billroth was also a famous Russian military surgeon Nikola I. Pirogov. In 1880 Pirogov fell ill suffering from cancer of the upper jaw. At the time of Billroth's pathologist D. Vivodcev sent to Billroth a part of preparation of Pirogov's upper jaw for histological examination. After precise description of cuts of the preparation Billroth concluded his findings by writing down a discuss of the moral-ethical standpoints of surgeons, concerning inoperable cancers.
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