Author/Editor     Beharić, Alma; Stirn-Kranjc, Branka; Brecelj, Jelka
Title     Elektrofiziološka ocena mrežnice otrok s prirojenim nistagmusom
Translated title     Electrophysiological assessment of the retina in children with congenital nystagmus
Type     članek
Source     Zdrav Vestn
Vol. and No.     Letnik 81, št. Suppl
Publication year     2012
Volume     str. I-73-82
Language     slo
Abstract     Background: Electroretinography (ERG) enables assessment of the retinal function and facilitates the diagnostics of congenital nystagmus in children. The aim was to review the three categories of congenital nystagmus according to the clinical picture in relation to ERG findings: sensory, neurological andidiopathic nystagmus. Methods: This was a 5-year retrospective study (from January 2006 to December 2010). The study included 100 children with congenital nystagmus (mean age 2.3 years). ERGs were recorded with skin electrodes in alert children without pupil dilatation, as response to white scotopic flash, blue flash, red flash, white photopic flash and 30 Hz flicker stimuli. Results: Abnormal ERG in both eyes was found in 20 of the 100 children under the study. Sensory nystagmus was classified in 40 of the children, in 12/40 of the children with abnormal ERG the following retinal abnormalities were observed: Leber congenital amaurosis in 6/12 children, suspected congenital stationary night blindness in 3/12 children and suspectedachromatopsia in 3/12 children. In the group of neurological nystagmus (35 children) 5 children had abnormal ERG that could not be explained in the context of broader clinical picture. In the group with idiopathic nystagmus (21 children) all chidren had normal ERG.Conclusions: In infants with congenital nystagmus, it is possible to record ERGs with skin electrodes that can provide important information on normal or abnormal retinal function already in the first few months after birth.
Summary     Izhodišča: Elektroretinografija je preiskava, ki omogoča oceno delovanja mrežnice in tako prispeva k diagnostiki prirojenega nistagmusa pri otrocih. Namen študije je bil opredeliti prirojeni nistagmus pri otrocih po klinični sliki v povezavi z elektroretinogramom (ERG): kot senzorični, nevrološki in idiopatski nistagmus. Metode: V 5-letno retrospektivno študijo (od januarja 2006 do decembra 2010) je bilo vključenih 100 otrok s prirojenim nistagmusom (v povprečju starih 2,3 let). ERG je bil posnet s kožnimi elektrodami pri budnih otrocih z ozkimi zenicami kot odgovor na beli skotopični, modri, rdeči, 30 Hz in beli fotopični dražljaj. Rezultati: Obojestransko abnormni ERG je imelo 20 od 100 pregledanih otrok. Senzorični nistagmus smo diagnosticiralipri 40 otrocih, od tega so bile pri 12/40 otrok z abnormnim ERGugotovljene naslednje okvare mrežnice: Leberjeva kongenitalna amavroza pri 6/12 otrok, sum na stacionarno prirojeno nočno slepoto pri 3/12 otrok ter sum na akromatopsijo prav tako pri 3/12 otrok. V skupini nevrološkega nistagmusa (35 otrok) je bilo 5 otrok z abnormnim ERG, ki jih nismo uspeli umestiti v širšo klinično sliko. V skupini idiopatskega nistagmusa (21 otrok) je bila preiskava ERG normalna pri vseh otrocih. Zaključki: Pri otrocih s prirojenim nistagmusom je s kožnimi elektrodami že pri nekaj mesecih starosti mogoče posneti ERG, ki nudijo pomembno informacijo o normalnem ali spremenjenem delovanju mrežnice.