Author/Editor		Artenjak, Andrej; Lakota, Katja; Frank, Mojca; Čučnik, Saša; Rozman, Blaž; Božič, Borut; Shoenfeld, Yehuda; Sodin-Šemrl, Snežna
Title		Antiphospholipid antibodies as non-traditional risk factors in atherosclerosis based cardiovascular diseases without overt autoimmunity. A critical updated review
Type		članek
Source		Autoimmun Rev
Vol. and No.		Letnik 11, št. 12
Publication year		2012
Volume		str. 873-82
Language		eng
Abstract		The role of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) associated with cardiovascular diseases has been extensively studied in autoimmune patients, however it was largely unknown whether and how aPL associate with coronary artery disease (CAD), ishemic stroke (IS) and peripheral artery disease (PAD) in non-autoimmune patients. The current review attempts to prioritize for the first time clinical studies based on cause-outcome and strengths relationships in reference to aPL and CAD/PAD, in addition to supplementing Brey's comprehensive review on IS with other, additional studies. Our overview indicates that all case-control and cross-sectional studies found an aPL association with CAD, PAD and IS, while cohort and nested case-control studies reported a prevailing negative risk association between aPL and IS (confirming Brey), with an unclear/unresolved risk association between aPL and CAD. The only cohort, follow-up study found in PAD reported on positive risk association between aPL and disease. The most frequently associated aPL in all studies reported, irrespective of disease, was aCL, with a less frequent association reported for LA, abeta2GPI and other aPL.
Descriptors		ANTIBODIES, ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES RISK FACTORS ATHEROSCLEROSIS CORONARY DISEASE PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASES CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS COHORT STUDIES CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES