Author/Editor		Mencej Bedrač, Simona; Ostanek, Barbara; Mlakar, Vid; Zupan, Janja; Kocjan, Tomaž; Preželj, Janez; Marc, Janja
Title		Sodobni pogled na nastanek osteoporoze
Translated title		Up-to-date insight on the development of osteoporosis
Type		članek
Source		Farm Vestn
Vol. and No.		Letnik 63, št. 5-6
Publication year		2012
Volume		str. 269-278
Language		slo
Abstract		Two major problems related to osteoporosis are its high incidence and late diagnosis. It is predicted that the number of affected individuals will double till 2050. Recent findings have shown that osteoporosis develops as a consequence of imbalance in two key regulatory systems. RANKL/RANK/OPG system represents a crucial pathway involved in osteoclastogenesis, while Wnt signalling pathway plays a central role in osteoblastogenesis. In the recent years, numerous studies have shown the involvement of oxidative stress, immune system and inflammatory cytokines as well as adipogenesis in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. The development of osteoporosis is influenced by several environmental and genetic factors. Many of them cannot be modified, but the incidence of osteoporosis can be markedly reduced by proper diet with sufficient amounts of calcium and vitamin D, regular physical activity and healthy lifestyle with no smoking and excessive use of alcohol.
Summary		Ključna problema pri osteoporozi sta njena razširjenost in pozna diagnostika. Predvidevajo, da se bo število obolelih do leta 2050 podvojilo. Novejša dognanja kažejo, da razvoj osteoporoze poteka preko motenj v dveh glavnih regulatornih sistemih. Prvi, ki ga imenujemo RANKL/RANK/OPG, je ključen za nadzor osteoklastogeneze, drugi pa je signalna pot Wnt, ki ima osrednjo vlogo v osteoblastogenezi. Obstajajo dokazi, da so v patogenezo osteoporoze v pleteni tudi oksidativni stres, imunski sistem, vnetni citokini in procesi adipogeneze. Na razvoj osteoporoze vplivajo številni okoljski in genetski dejavniki. Na večino od njih nimamo vpliva, lahko pa z uravnoteženo prehrano zzadostno količino kalcija in vitamina D, redno telesno aktivnostjo, zdravim načinom življenja brez kajenja in čezmernega pitja alkoholnih pijač, pomembno zmanjšamo pojav bolezni.