Author/Editor		Berce, Vojko; Unuk, Sibila
Title		Vročina pri otroku
Translated title		Fever in children
Type		članek
Source		74527489
Publication year		2013
Volume		str. 173-188
Language		slv
Abstract		Pri otrocih je vročina eden izmed najpogostejših znakov akutne bolezni. O vročini pri otroku govorimo, ko rektalno merjena telesna temperatura preseže 38 ⁰C. Vročina v večini primerov nastane zaradi vpliva zunanjih ali notranjih pirogenov na nastavitve centra za regulacijo telesne temperature v hipotalamusu. Ko je vročina edini znak bolezni, govorimo o nejasnem vročinskem stanju. Akutno vročinsko stanje brez jasnega mesta okužbe traja manj kot teden dni in je prav tako edini znak bolezni. Predvsem pri dojenčkih in majhnih otrocih z visoko vročino ne smemo spregledati resnih bakterijskih okužb, kot so bakteriemija, meningitis in pljučnica. Pri tem so nam v pomoč osnovne laboratorijske preiskave krvi in urina. Vročina neznanega izvora traja več kot tri tedne, vzroka pa tudi z diagnostičnimi preiskavami ne najdemo. Največkrat gre za neobičajen potek običajnih virusnih okužb, redkeje pa so vzrok avtoimuna ali maligna obolenja. Združenje za pediatrijo Slovenskega zdravniškega društva je nedavno izdalo smernice za obravnavo vročine pri otroku, kjer opozarjajo na znake resne bakterijske okužbe. Zniževanje temperature priporočajo samo pri prizadetih otrocih, in sicer s peroralnimi pripravki paracetamola ali ibuprofena.Fever is one of the most common signs of acute disease in children. Child is considered febrile when rectally measured body temperature increases over 38⁰C. In most cases the fever is a consequence of action of endogenous or exogenous pyrogens on the body temperature regulation centre in hypothalamus. Fever without a focus describes the condition when the fever is the only presenting sign of the disease. Fever without localizing signs lasts less than a week and is also the only sign of the disease. Especially in infants and small children with a high fever, serious bacterial infections such as bacteraemia, meningitis and pneumonia should not be overlooked. Basic laboratory tests of blood and urine aid in the assessment of this condition. Fever of unknown origin is a fever lasting for more than three weeks and no cause can be found despite the diagnostic investigations. Fever of unknown origin is usually a consequence of an uncommon course of common viral infections. Less common causes are autoimmune or malignant diseases. Paediatric Society of Slovenian Medical Association recently published the guidelines for the management of children with a fever, where the warning signs of serious bacterial infections are listed. Lowering of the fever with drugs is advised only in ill-appearing children. First-line drugs are paracetamol and ibuprofen for oral administration
Keywords		otroci nejasno vročinsko stanje vročina neznanega izvora bakteriemija