Author/Editor		Župec, Marinka; Lorber, Mateja
Title		Kajenje v povezavi s kronično obstruktivno pljučno boleznijo
Translated title		Smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Type		članek
Vol. and No.		Letnik 47, št. 2
Publication year		2013
Volume		str. 169-176
ISSN		1318-2951 - Obzornik Zdravstvene Nege
Language		slv
Abstract		Uvod: Pri prenehanju kajenja kot prevladujočem dejavniku tveganja in zgodnjem odkrivanju kronične obstruktivne pljučne bolezni ima medicinska sestra pomembno vlogo. Namen raziskave je bil z meritvijo forsiranega ekspiratornega volumna v prvi sekundi (FEV1) oceniti vpliv kajenja na meritve pljučne funkcije. Metode: Izvedena je bila retrospektivna analiza. Analizirani so bili podatki meritev parametrov spirometrije 100 preiskovancev, ki so spirometrijo opravili v Respiratornem laboratoriju Univerzitetnega kliničnega centra Maribor v letih 2009 in 2010. Podatki so bili obdelani s pomočjo računalniškega programa SPSS 19.0. Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna statistika ter multipla regresijska analiza, s katero smo ugotavljali vpliv neodvisnih spremenljivk na proučevano odvisno spremenljivko. Rezultati: Ugotovljeno je bilo, da se povprečne vrednosti FEV1 kadilcev, ki kadijo več kot 25 let (starih od 46 do 50 let), izrazito znižajo, in sicer na 73 % norme.Ob nadaljevanju kajenja (kajenje več kot 45 let, starost od 61 do 70 let), se FEV1 zniža na samo 63 % norme. Na podlagi regresijske analize je bilo ugotovljeno, da obdobje kajenja več kot dvajset cigaret dnevno statistično pomembno (ß = 0,636, p < 0,001) vpliva na vrednosti FEV1. Diskusija in zaključek: Raziskava pokaže trend nižanja FEV1 v skladu z obdobjem kajenja in ob kajenju več kot dvajset cigaret dnevno. Ker je kajenje prevladujoč dejavnik tveganja za nastanek kronične obstruktivne pljučne bolezni je pomembno izpostaviti odvajanje od kajenja, zgodnje odkrivanje kronične obstruktivne pljučne bolezni, sodelovanje pri zdravljenju ter vlogo medicinke sestre kot izvajalke preiskave spirometrije ter zdravstvene vzgojiteljice.Introduction: Smoking is the dominant risk factor for the development and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Nurses may play an important role in health education and smoking cessation as well as in the early detection of the disease. The primary objective of this research was to determine the impact of smoking on lung function values obtained by measuring the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1). Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the purposes of the study. The data analysed were collected by measuring the spirometry testing parameters in 100 subjects who underwent the testing at the Respiratory Laboratory of University Clinical Centre Maribor in the years 2009 and 2010. The SPSS 19.0 computer programme was used for statistical analysis of the data obtained. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used to ascertain the effect of the independent variable upon the dependent variable under study. Results: Results of the study demonstrate that the average values of FEV 1 in longtime smokers (> 25 years), aged 46 to 50 years, have significantly declined, even to 73 % of the norm. In individuals aged 61 - 70, whose reported history of smoking exceeded 45 years, FEV 1 declined even to 63 % of the norm. Regression analysis results lead to a conclusion that the length of smoking history with over 20 cigarettes per day statistically significantly (ß = 0.636, p < 0.001) affect the values of FEV 1. Discussion and conclusion: Results of the study show positive correlation between the deceased FEV 1 values and the length of smoking history with over 20 cigarettes a day. Since smoking is the predominant risk factor for the development of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, it is important to promote smoking cessation, early detection of the disease, treatment motivation and cooperation and the role of nurses in spirometry testing and health promotion.
Keywords		kronična obstruktivna pljučna bolezen KOPB kajenje spirometrija zdravstvena vzgoja chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD smoking spirometry health education