Author/Editor		Campos Marcos, Iván; Marolt, Darja; Petridis, Petros; Bhumiratana, Sarindr; Schmidt, Daniel; Vunjak-Novakovic, Gordana
Title		Bone scaffold architecture modulates the development of mineralized bone matrix by human embryonic stem cells
Type		članek
Vol. and No.		Letnik 33, št. 33
Publication year		2012
Volume		str. 8329-8342
ISSN		0142-9612 - Biomaterials
Language		eng
Abstract		Decellularized bone has been widely used as a scaffold for bone formation, due to its similarity to the native bone matrix and excellent osteoinductive and biomechanical properties. We have previously shown that human mesenchymal and embryonic stem cells form functional bone matrix on such scaffolds, without the use of growth factors. In this study, we focused on differences in bone matrix that exist even among identical harvesting sites, and the effects of the matrix architecture and mineral content on bone formation by human embryonic stem cells (hESC). Mesenchymal progenitors derived from hESCs were cultured for 5 weeks in decellularized bone scaffolds with three different densities: low (0.281 0.018 mg/mm(3)), medium (0.434 0.015 mg/mm(3)) and high (0.618 0.027 mg/mm(3)). The medium-density group yielded highest densities of cells and newly assembled bone matrix, presumably due to the best balance between the transport of nutrients and metabolites to and from the cells, space for cell infiltration, surface for cell attachment and the mechanical strength of the scaffolds, all of which depend on the scaffold density. Bone mineral was beneficial for the higher expression of bone markers in cultured cells and more robust accumulation of the new bone matrix.
Keywords		tisue engineering human embryonic stem cells mineralization bone tkivno inženirstvo izvorne celice človeških zarodkov mineralizacija kosti