Author/Editor		Dular, Katja
Title		Značilnosti funkcioniranja odvisnih družin in čustvena kompetentnost oseb, odvisnih od psihoaktivnih snovi
Translated title		Functioning of families with addiction and emotional competence of psychoactive substance users
Type		članek
Vol. and No.		Letnik 12, št. 3
Publication year		2013
Volume		str. 4-12
ISSN		1580-9315 - Rehabilitacija
Language		slv
Abstract		Izhodišča: Številne spremembe, ki jih bolezen odvisnosti prinese na posameznikovi kognitivni, čustveni in vedenjski ravni, postanejo še bolj zapletene na ravni družinskega sistema. Raziskovalci so ugotovili, da funkcionalna družinska dinamika in posameznikova dobra zmožnost upravljanja svojih čustev napovedujeta boljši izid zdravljenja odvisnosti. Predpostavili smo, da odvisne družine funkcionirajo manj zdravo, da imajo odvisni posamezniki več težav na področju čustvenih spretnosti ter da preživijo več travm in zlorab kot osebe brez odvisnosti. Metode: Raziskava je bila izvedena na kliničnem vzorcu 101 odvisne osebe (diagnoza MKB10: F11-F19) - te osebe so bile vključene v zdravljenje v Psihiatrični kliniki Ljubljana v Centru za zdravljenje odvisnih od prepovedanih drog in na kontrolnem vzorcu 96 oseb brez diagnoze odvisnosti ali kakršnih koli psihiatričnih bolezni. Struktura skupin po spolu in starosti je bila podobna. Uporabili smo Vprašalnik o družinskem funkcioniranju Family Environment Scale (FES) in Vprašalnik emocionalne kompetentnosti (ESCQ) ter sociodemografski sklop vprašanj. Za analizo medskupinskih razlik smo uporabili test t in test Manna in Whitneya. Rezultati: Rezultati vprašalnikov kažejo v družinah odvisnih oseb statistično značilno nižje vrednosti pri dimenzijah družinske dinamike kohezivnost, ekspresivnost, neodvisnost, organizacija, intelektualna in rekreacijska usmerjenost in večjo stopnjo konfliktnosti kot v družinah brez odvisnosti. Odvisni udeleženci poročajo o več težavah z izražanjem in uravnavanjem čustev ter o nižjih splošnih čustvenih kompetentnostih. Odvisne osebe so v preteklosti pogosteje preživele travmo ali zlorabo kot osebe brez odvisnosti. Zaključki: Rezultati kažejo dejavnike tveganja za razvoj odvisnosti in sklepamo lahko o pomembnosti vključevanja poglobljene družinske terapije v programe zdravljenja. Raziskava opozarja na pomembnost obravnave raziskovanih področij na vseh ravneh zdravstvene oskrbe odvisnih oseb.Introduction: Many changes that drug addiction brings to persons cognitive, emotional and behavioural level multiply and complicate inside of the family system. Researchers have found out that functional family dynamics and person's ability to regulate their own emotions predicts better outcome in substance abuse treatments. We predict that families with drug abusing person function less healthily; that drug abusing person has less competence to regulate their emotions; and that they experience more traumatic events than people without addiction. Methods: The study included drug abuse clients (clinical group) who were included in the treatment at the Psychiatric Clinic Ljubljana Centre for Treatment of Drug Addiction (N = 101) and those without addiction or any other psychiatric illness (control group) (N = 96). We applied two questionnaires - the Family Environment Scale (FES) and the Emotional Intelligence, Skills and Competences Questionnaire (ESCQ), as well as sociodemografic questions. Groups were statistically compared using paired t-test and Mann-Whitney test. Results: Statistically significantly lower values were observed in families of drug abusing persons on the majority of the measured dimensions of family functioning (cohesion, expressiveness, independence, intellectual and cultural activities, active and recreational orientation, organization), and a higher degree of conflicts than the in families without drug abuse. Drug abusing persons showed more difficulties in the field of expressing and regulating emotions and had overall lower emotional competences. Substance abusing persons had more often been abused or had experienced trauma in past. Conclusion: The results point to the risk factors for development of substance use disorder, and we may assume the importance of engaging in family therapy for substance abuse treatments. The study highlights the need to address the risk factors at each level of working with drug abusing persons.
Descriptors		Substance-Related Disorders Risk Factors
Keywords		family functioning emotional competence psychological trauma motnje zaradi zlorabe drog dejavniki tveganja funkcioniranje družine čustvena kompetentnost travmatiziranost