| Author/Editor | Magdič, Jožef | |
| Title | Novi diagnostični kriteriji za multiplo sklerozo | |
| Translated title | New diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis | |
| Type | članek | |
| Source | In: Srečanje z multiplo sklerozo : [zbornik prispevkov] Ljubljana : Medicinski razgledi | |
| Vol. and No. | Letnik 50, št. suppl. 6 | |
| Publication year | 2011 | |
| Volume | str. 1-8 | |
| Language | slv | |
| Abstract | Multipla skleroza je idiopatska avtoimuska demielinizacijska bolezen osrednjega živčevja z značilnim razsojem okvar v času in prostoru. Najpogosteje poteka v zagonih in nezdravljena lahko z leti vodi v invalidnost. Zaenkrat ni na voljo posamičnih patognomoničnih kliničnih, laboratorijskih ali slikovnih znakov za multiplo sklerozo. Diagnosticiramo jo lahko z izključevanjem drugih vzrokov in tehtanjem več dejstev, ki govorijo v prid in proti diagnozi. V zadnjih desetletjih so se izoblikovali mednarodno sprejeti diagnostični kriteriji, kjer imajo največjo težo značilna klinična slika, podpremo pa jo lahko še z magnetnoresonančnim slikanjem. Z le-tem lahko ocenimo tudi klinično nezaznavne spremembe in spremljamo aktivnosti in potek bolezni. Lani objavljeni posodobljeni McDonaldovi kriteriji poenostavljajo pogoje magnetnoresonančnega slikanja. Zato so bolj uporabni, še vedno enako zanesljivi kot prejšnja različica in omogočajo zgodnejšo diagnozo multiple skleroze. Zanesljivost teh kriterijev sloni na predpostavki, da za takšen potek in okvare ni drugega vzroka. Zato mora nevrolog poznati vnetne in demielinizacijske bolezni, ki imajo lahko podobno klinično sliko in potek, vendar zahtevajo drugačno zdravljenje.Multiple sclerosis is an idiopathic autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with characteristic dissemination of lesions in time and space. Most commonly, it folows a relapsing-remitting course and if untreated it can lead to significant disability. There are no pathognomonic clinical, laboratory or imaging findings in MS. The diagnosis is made by excluding other causes and by weighting the factors that support this diagnosis against those that fail to support it. In the past decades, an international consensus has been achived regarding the diagnostic criteria, wherein a characteristic clinical course has the highest value, but it can also be supported by magnetic resonance imaging. This is also used tor detecting subclinical lesions, estimating disease activity and following the course of the disease. The latest revisions of the McDonald diagnostic criteria, which were made in 2010, simplified the magnetic resonance imaging criteria, making them easily applicable and preserving their specificity and sensitivity for diagnosing multiple sclerosis. The latter relies on the assumption that there in no other explanation for the condition. Therefore, neurologists have to be familiar with the inflammatory and demyelinating disorders that can mimic multiple slerosis but require different treatment. | |
| Descriptors | Multiple Sclerosis Multipla skleroza Demyelinating Diseases Demielinizacijske bolezni Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures Diagnostične tehnike in postopki Diagnosis Diagnostika Diagnosis Therapy Diagnostika Zdravljenje | |
| Keywords | multipla skleroza diagnostika kriteriji |