Author/Editor		Frentz, Dineke; van de Vijver, David A. M. C.; Abecasis, Ana B; Albert, Jan; Hamouda, Osamah; Jørgensen, Louise; Kücherer, Claudia; Struck, Daniel; Schmit, Jean-Claude; Vercauteren, Jurgen; Poljak, Mario
Title		Patterns of transmitted HIV drug resistance in Europe vary by risk group
Type		članek
Vol. and No.		Letnik 9, št. 4
Publication year		2014
Volume		str. e94495
ISSN		1932-6203 - PloS one
Language		eng
Abstract		Background In Europe, a continuous programme (SPREAD) has been in place for ten years to study transmission of drug resistant HIV. We analysed time trends of transmitted drug resistance mutations (TDRM) in relation to the risk behaviour reported. Methods HIV-1 patients newly diagnosed in 27 countries from 2002 through 2007 were included. Inclusion was representative for risk group and geographical distribution in the participating countries in Europe. Trends over time were calculated by logistic regression. Results From the 4317 patients included, the majority was men-having-sex-with-men -MSM (2084, 48%), followed by heterosexuals (1501, 35%) and injection drug users (IDU) (355, 8%). MSM were more often from Western Europe origin, infected with subtype B virus, and recently infected (<1 year) (p<0.001). The prevalence of TDRM was highest in MSM (prevalence of 11.1%), followed by heterosexuals (6.6%) and IDU (5.1%, p<0.001). TDRM was predominantly ascribed to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) with a prevalence of 6.6% in MSM, 3.3% in heterosexuals and 2.0% in IDU (p = 0.001). A significant increase in resistance to non- nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and a decrease in resistance to protease inhibitors was observed in MSM (p = 0.008 and p = 0.006, respectively), but not in heterosexual patients (p = 0.68 and p = 0.14, respectively).
Keywords		HIV-1 transmission of drug resistant HIV drug resistance mutations risk behaviour epidemiological data virological data Europe