Author/Editor		Korošec, Peter; Žiberna, Klemen; Šilar, Mira; Dežman, Manca; Čelesnik Smodiš, Nina; Rijavec, Matija; Kopač, Peter; Eržen, Renato; Lalek, Nika; Bajrović, Nisera; Košnik, Mitja; Zidarn, Mihaela
Title		Immunological and clinical factors associated with adverse systemic reactions during the build-up phase of honeybee venom immunotherapy
Type		članek
Vol. and No.		Letnik 45, št. 10
Publication year		2015
Volume		str. 1579-1589
ISSN		0954-7894 - Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Language		eng
Abstract		Background Adverse systemic reactions (SRs) are more common in honeybee venom immunotherapy (VIT) than in wasp VIT. Factors that might be associated with SRs during the honeybee VIT are poorly understood. Objective Our aim was to evaluate risk factors for SRs during the build-up phase of honeybee venom immunotherapy. Methods We included 93 patients who underwent ultra-rush honeybee VIT. The adverse SRs and their severity was compared to various immunological (sIgE, tIgE, basophil CD63 response, baseline tryptase, and skin tests), patient-specific (age, sex, cardiovascular conditions and medications, and other allergic diseases), and sting-specific factors (anaphylaxis severity, time interval to onset of symptoms, and absence of cutaneous symptoms). Results Twenty-three patients (24.7%) experienced mild SRs and 13 patients (14%) severe SRs. In five patients with severe SRs, the build-up was stopped. High basophil allergen sensitivity, evaluated as dose%response curve metrics of EC15, EC50, CD-sens, AUC, or the response to submaximal 0.01 %g/mL of venom concentration, was the most significant risk factor and only independent predictor of severe SRs and/or build-up stop. Time interval of <5 min after sting to onset of symptoms and lower specific IgEs to rApi m1 was also associated with severe SRs. There was no difference in other immunological, patient-specific, or sting-specific factors, including the baseline tryptase. None of the studied factors was associated with mild SRs. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance High basophil allergen CD63 sensitivity phenotype was a major indicator of severe adverse SRs during the build-up phase of honeybee VIT. Possibly role was also showed for short latency to filed sting reaction and low sIgE to rApi m1. Before honeybee VIT, measurement of basophil allergen sensitivity should be used to identify patients with a high risk for severe side-effects.
Keywords		honeybee venom allergy immunotherapy adverse systemic reactions risk factors IgE basophils CD63