Author/Editor		Klanjšek, Petra; Stričević, Jadranka
Title		Mišićno-skeletna opterećenja u radu medicinskih sestara i upotreba ergonomsko-tehničkih pomagala
Translated title		Musculoskeletal strain of nursing staff and use of ergonomics technical aids
Type		članek
Vol. and No.		Letnik 20, št. 3
Publication year		2015
Volume		str. 203-209
Language		hrv
Abstract		Uvod : Medicinske sestre u svome su radu svakodnevno izložene dinamičkim opterećenjima u njezi bolesnika. Zdravstvena njega profesionalna je djelatnost u kojoj se pojavljuje iznadprosječan broj mišićno-skeletnih ozljeda i bolesti te izostanka sa posla. Cilj je ovog rada istražiti izloženost nepovoljnim kritičkim tjelesnim položajnima, opterećenijima stresom u kliničkoj praksi s upotrebom ergonomsko-tehničkih pomagala kod zdravstvenih djelatnika koji rade na razli - čitim odjelima u zdravstvenoj njezi. Metoda : Metodom OWAS (Ovako Working posture Analysis System) zabilježeni su kritički tjelesni položaji (n=15) tijekom 7,5 satnog radnog vremena. U istra - živanju su sudjelovali zdravstveni djelatnici u eksperimentalnoj skupini (n=28) i kontrolnoj skupini (n=28), promatrani u sklopu redovitog svakodnevnog rada i provođenja različitih sestrinskih intervencija. Ukupan broj promatranja bio je 56. Istraživanje je provedeno u Univerzitetskom Kliničkom Centru Maribor. Rezultati : Neparametrijski Mann-Whitney test u 13 od 15 kritičnih situacija po - kazao je statistički znatno smanjenje u korist korištenja ergonomsko tehničkih pomagala. Upotreba pomagala smanjila je ukupno opterećenje lokomotornog sustava u 7.5 sati radnog vremena s 20.6 % na 7.7 %. Rasprava : Nužno je u radnu okolinu medicinskih sestara implementirati i pro - vesti mjere koje slijede ciljevima smanjenja pojave mišićno-skeletnih poreme - ćaja među zdravstvenim djelatnicima. Zaključak : Korištenje ergonomsko-tehničkih pomagala znatno smanjuje kri - tične položaje tijela i biomehanička opterećenja kralježnice kod zdravstvenih djelatnika. Rezultati pokazuju da se ergonomsko-tehnička pomagala u klinič - kim uvjetima koriste, iako produžuju vrijeme izvođanja intervencije. Uvođenjem ergonomsko-tehničkih pomagala u kliničkom okruženju doprinijet ćemo sma - njenju rizika od ozljeda mišićno-skeletnog sustava i poremećaja kod medicin - skih sestara. Uz istodobno uvođenje drugih ergonomskih mjera pridonijet ćemo konačnoj humanizaciji radnih mjesta u zdravstvu.Objectives : Nurses are daily exposed to dynamic loads in their work with pa - tients. Health care is a professional activity, in which appears above-average number of musculo-skeletal injuries and illnesses and due to the latter many absences from work. The aim of this paper is to investigate exposure to unfa - vourable critical physical positions in clinical practice with the use of ergonomic technical devices in health professionals, who work in different hospital depar - tments. Methods : By using OWAS method (Ovako Working posture Analysis System) during the 7.5 hour work shift 15 critical postures (n=15) have been reported. The study involved health professionals in the experimental group (n=28) and control group (n = 28), who were observed in the ordinary course of daily work, in executing wide range of nursing interventions. The total number of respon - dents` observations was 56. The survey was conducted at the University Medi - cal Centre Maribor. Results : The non-parametric Mann-Whitney test showed a statistically signifi - cant reduction of body loads in 13 of the 15 critical body positions due to the use of ergonomic technical devices. Due to the latter, within 7.5 hours work shift the average workload on the loco-motor system was reduced from 20.6 % to 7.7 %. Discussion : It is essential that ergonomic measures which follow the objectives to reduce the occurrence of muscular-skeletal disorders among health care pro - fessionals are implemented in the clinical work environment. Conclusion : The use of ergonomic technical devices significantly reduces criti - cal body postures and biomechanical loads to the spine in health care workers. The results show that ergonomic technical devices are being used in clinical practice, even though they can occasionally prolong the nursing intervention itself. With the introduction of ergonomic technical equipment into the clinical settings we greatly contribute to reducing the risks of injury of musculo-skele - tal system and risks of musculo-skeletal disorders in nurses. With the simulta - neous introduction of other ergonomic measures and policies we contribute to the final humanization of the health care professions.
Keywords		medicinske sestre zdravstveni djelatnici dinamičko opterećenje mišićno-skeletne povrede ergonomsko-tehnička pomagala kritični tjelesni položaji u radu nurses health care professionals dynamic load musculo-skeletal injuries ergonomic technical devices critical body postures during work