Author/Editor		Lešnik, Amadeus; Pajnkihar, Majda; Brumen, Marina
Title		Spoštovanje pacientovega dostojanstva in avtonomije v času sprejema in obravnave v zdravstveni ustanovi
Translated title		Respect for patient's dignity and autonomy at the time of admission and treatment at health institution
Type		članek
Source		In: Kakovost v zdravstveni in babiški negi - odgovorni, kompetentni in inovativni zaposleni: zbornik predavanj in posterjev 2. Znanstvenega simpozija z mednarodno udeležbo Maribor : Društvo medicinskih sester, babic in zdravstvenih tehnikov
Publication year		2009
Volume		str. 185-194
Language		slv
Abstract		V prispevku je predstavljen zgodovinski razvoj človekovih osebnostnih pravic in pravic pacientov po zakonu in konvencijah. Izpostavljena je komunikacija kot temelj medsebojnih odnosov, predvsem v povezavi z zagotavljanjem pacientovega dostojanstva in avtonomije v času sprejema in obravnave v zdravstveni ustanovi. Spoštovanje, dostojanstvo in avtonomija so temeljna in etična načela, ki jih M. Pajnkihar (2003) navaja kot temeljne elemente enakopravnega medsebojnega partnerskega odnosa, ki se medsebojno prepletajo in dopolnjujejo. Predstavljeni so rezultati raziskave, ki je bila narejena leta 2007 na Kliniki za interno medicino Univerzitetnega kliničnega centra Maribor. Izhodišča: Izhodišče prispevka je Internistična nujna pomoč na Kliniki za interno medicino Univerzitetnega kliničnega centra Maribor, kjer smo z raziskavo, želeli ugotoviti, koliko medicinske sestre poznajo opredelitve spoštovanja dostojanstva in avtonomije pacienta, kot jih opredeljujejo kodeks etike, zakoni in konvencije. Hkrati pa ugotoviti stopnjo spoštovanja pacientovega dostojanstva in avtonomije v času sprejema in obravnave v vsakodnevni praksi. Metode: Uporabljena je bila kvantitativna metodologija raziskovanja z anketo delno odprtega vprašalnika. Raziskovalni vzorec je zajel 100 anketiranih pacientov oz. njihovih svojcev ter 100 anketiranih zdravstvenih delavcev zaposlenih v enoti Internistične nujne pomoči in v drugih enotah Kliničnega oddelka za interno medicino Univerzitetnega kliničnega centra Maribor. Pridobljeni podatki so obdelani in prikazani s pomočjo računalniškega programa Microsoft Excel. Rezultati: Rezultati kažejo, da medicinske sestre poznajo pacientove pravice in načela o dostojanstvu in avtonomiji, kot jih opredeljuje Kodeks etike medicinskih sester in zdravstvenih tehnikov, in jih tudi vključujejo v vsakdanje delo s pacienti. Je pa mogoče utemeljeno sklepati, da velik delež pacientov ne pozna natančno svojih pravic, ki so jim zagotovljene po zakonu in mednarodnih konvencijah. Medicinske sestre so dolžne paciente seznaniti z njihovimi pravicami, predvsem pa jih dosledno upoštevati in spoštovati. Diskusija in zaključki: Rezultati so presenetljivi, saj kažejo, da smo zaposleni v zdravstveni negi bolj kritični do lastnega dela kot pacienti, ki naše delo ocenjujejo bolje kot smo pričakovali. Pacienti, svojci in spremljevalci pričakujejo od medicinske sestre v največji meri dober odnos, prijaznost in komunikativnost, medtem ko postavljajo profesionalnost in strokovnost na šele drugo mesto. Tu se jasno kaže velik pomen ustreznega komuniciranja in dobrih medsebojnih odnosov na vseh ravneh.This contribution presents historical development of the individual and patientćs rights according to the legislation and conventions. Accent is put on the communication, as the basis of the mutual relationship, before all connected with assurance of the patientćs dignity and autonomy at the time of admission and treatment at health institution. Respect, dignity and autonomy are basic and ethical principles, as cited by M.Pajnkihar (2003) and are fundamental elements of equal mutual partnership, which are intertwined and supplemented. Results of the research, carried out in the year 2007 at the Internal Medicine Clinic of the University Clinical Centre Maribor, are presented. Theoretical standpoints: Internal emergency at the Internal Medicine Clinic of the University Clinical Centre Maribor, were we carried out a research to find out how nurses recognise the idea of respect of the patient's dignity and autonomy, as it is defined in the Ethical Codex, legislation and conventions. At the same time, to determine the level of respect for the patientćs dignity and autonomy at the time of admission and treatment in every day practice. Methods: Quantitative research methodology and partly open questionnaire were used. Sample contained one hundred surveyed patients, or their relatives, and one hundred questioned/interviewed health workers employed at Internal Emergency Unit and other units at the internal clinical departments of the University Clinical Centre Maribor. Gained data were processed by the Microsoft Excel program. Results: Results showed that nurses are familiar with patientćs rights and principles of dignity and autonomy receptiveness, as they are defined by the Codes of Ethicsfor Nurses, and implement them in everyday practice with patients. We also came to conclusions that great deal of patients is not thoroughly introduced to their rights, which are recognised by law and international conventions. Nurses are obliged to acquaint patients with their rights, but before all, consider and respect them consistently. Discussion and conclusions: Results are surprising, as they show that nursing stuff is more critical towards their own work than are patients, who assessed their work better than they expected. Patients, relatives and accompanying persons expect, before all, good relationships, kindness and communicativity, and put their professional approach in only second place. Therefore, it obviously indicates importance of proper communication and good mutual relationships at all levels.
Descriptors		Nurse-Patient Relations Odnosi medicinska sestra-bolnik Communication Komunikacija Codes of Ethics Kodeks etike