Author/Editor     Hudler, Petra
Title     Aberrant DNA methylation and histone modifications in cancer
Type     članek
Source     In: Encyclopedia of life sciences [Chichester] : Wiley InterScience
Publication year     2016
Volume     str. 1-9
Language     eng
Abstract     DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) methylation of cytosines in CpG dinucleotides and posttranslational modifications of histone amino acids are epigenetic mechanisms that are in normal cells involved in specific cell functions, particularly in regulation of transcription and maintenance of stable chromatin. The epigenetic code is highly dynamic and enables the cells to regulate their responses to the intrinsic or environmental signals. Aberrations of DNA methylation patterns and histone modifications are major features observed in all types of cancer. Integrated research of genomic alterations, erroneous gene expression and modifications of epigenomes in cancer cells has revealed the complexity and heterogeneity of this disease. Some of the novel therapeutic and diagnostic approaches based on aberrant promoter hypermethylation and histone modifications, particularly acetylation, have already been translated into a clinical setting, whereas a number of others are being examined in clinical trials.
Keywords     biomarkerji
epigenetika
rak
biomarkers
epigenetics
cancer