Author/Editor		Naseri, Narges; Poirier, Jean-Michel; Girandon, Lenart; Fröhlich, Mirjam; Oksman Niska, Kristiina; Mathew, Aji P.
Title		3-Dimensional porous nanocomposite scaffolds based on cellulose nanofibers for cartilage tissue engineering
Type		članek
Vol. and No.		Letnik 6, št. 8
Publication year		2016
Volume		str. 5999-6007
ISSN		2046-2069 - RSC advances
Language		eng
Abstract		Fully bio-based 3-dimensional porous scaffolds based on freeze-dried cellulose nanofibers (70 - 90 wt%) stabilized using a genipin crosslinked matrix of gelatin and chitosan were prepared. Morphology studies using scanning electron microscopy showed that the scaffolds have interconnected pores with average pore diameters of 75 - 200 microm and nanoscaled pore wall roughness, both favorable for cell interactions with cartilage repair. X-ray tomography confirmed the 3-dimensional homogeneity and interconnectivity of the pores as well as the fi brillar structure of the scaffolds. The compression modulus of the scaffolds (1 - 3 MPa) at room conditions was higher than natural cartilage ( z 1 MPa). The lowered compression modulus of 10 % 60 kPa in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at 37 ⁰C was considered favorable for chondrogenesis. The current study therefore successfully addressed the challenge of tailoring the pore structure and mechanical properties simultaneously for cartilage regeneration. Furthermore, the sca ff olds' high porosity ( z 95%), high PBS uptake and good cytocompatibility towards chondrocytes are considered beneficial for cell attachment and extracellular matrix (ECM) production.
Keywords		nano materiali tkivno inženirstvo hrustanec nanomaterials tissue engineering cartilage