Author/Editor		Rožman, Primož; Švajger, Urban
Title		The tolerogenic role of IFN-[gamma]
Type		članek
Publication year		2018
Volume		str. str.
ISSN		1359-6101 - Cytokine & growth factor reviews
Language		eng
Abstract		Due to its extremely pleiotropic nature, the complex effects of IFN-[gamma] exerted both on immune and non-immune cell types still remain only partially understood. The longstanding view of IFN-[gamma] as being a predominantly inflammatory cytokine is constantly challenged by increasing demonstrations of its direct or indirect regulatory roles. Interferon-[gamma] can exert tolerogenic effects on both innate and adaptive immune cell types, promoting tolerance of various antigen-presenting cells, and augmenting function and differentiation of regulatory T cells, respectively. Its capacity to induce IDO-competence is not limited to immune cells but extends to other cell types such as mesenchymal stem cells, epithelial cells, and tumors. The pro-inflammatory role of IFN-[gamma] in tumor immune surveillance can backfire by directly inducing inhibitory molecule expression, such as PDL-1, on tumor cells. With increasing knowledge regarding the role of different helper T cell subsets in certain autoimmune diseases, the once contradictory observations of disease attenuation by IFN-[gamma] can now be explained by its opposing interplay with other effector cytokines, particularly IL-17. The paradoxically immunosuppressive role of IFN-[gamma] is also becoming evident in the transplantation setting, and graft-versus-host-disease. In the present review, we will discuss the latest findings that help to elucidate this dual role of IFN-[gamma] at a cellular level, and in various pathophysiological states.
Keywords		interferon-gamma autoimmune disease immunosuppression interferon-gama avtoimunska bolezen imunosupresija