Author/Editor		Carvajal, Ana; Hribernik, Nežka; Duarte, Eva; Sanz-Rubiales, Alvaro; Centeno, Carlos
Title		The Spanish version of the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System-revised (ESAS-r)
Type		članek
Vol. and No.		Letnik 45, št. 1
Publication year		2013
Volume		str. 129-136
ISSN		0885-3924 - Journal of pain and symptom management
Language		eng
Abstract		The Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) is a measure widely used in palliative care for the assessment of symptoms in patients with advanced cancer. The tool has been validated in different languages, including Spanish. A revised version (ESAS-r) was developed by Watanabe et al. in 2010. OBJECTIVES: To develop the Spanish version of the ESAS-r and examine its psychometric properties. METHODS: Based on the original English version, a group of experts created a Spanish version of the ESAS-r and administered it to a group of advanced cancer patients. Patients completed the ESAS and ESAS-r and were asked for their perceptions of the tool. The psychometric properties of the ESAS-r that were analyzed were equivalence, internal consistency, and discriminant validity. RESULTS: Sixty-six patients from Spain and Guatemala participated in the survey. Patients perceived the ESAS-r to be significantly easier to understand and easier to complete than the ESAS. Significantly, patients preferred the ESAS-r (47%) to the ESAS (15%; P<0.0007). As to reliability, we found good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha 0.86), and the equivalence of the two versions was between 0.71 and 0.94. The ESAS-r discriminates between inpatients and outpatients (Mann-Whitney U test; P=0.02) and among those with different palliative performance status (Spearman's rho for pain, tiredness, drowsiness, lack of appetite, well-being; P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The ESAS-r is a valid instrument with adequate psychometric characteristics. This version is preferred by patients with advanced cancer. The Spanish version of the ESAS-r can, therefore, replace the use of the ESAS.
Keywords		napredovali rak paliativna oskrba bolečina bolniki advanced cancer palliative care pain patients