Author/Editor		Brezovec, Neža; Perdan-Pirkmajer, Katja; Čučnik, Saša; Sodin-Šemrl, Snežna; Varga, John; Lakota, Katja
Title		Adiponectin deregulation in systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases
Type		članek
Vol. and No.		Letnik 22, št. 8
Publication year		2021
Volume		str. 1-28
ISSN		1422-0067 - International journal of molecular sciences
Language		eng
Abstract		Deregulation of adiponectin is found in systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs). Its expression is downregulated by various inflammatory mediators, but paradoxically, elevated serum levels are present in SARDs with high inflammatory components, such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Circulating adiponectin is positively associated with radiographic progression in rheumatoid arthritis as well as with cardiovascular risks and lupus nephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus. However, in SARDs with less prominent inflammation, such as systemic sclerosis, adiponectin levels are low and correlate negatively with disease activity. Regulators of adiponectin gene expression (PPAR-[gamma], Id3, ATF3, and SIRT1) and inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor [alpha]) are differentially expressed in SARDs and could therefore influence total adiponectin levels. In addition, anti-inflammatory therapy could also have an impact, as tocilizumab treatment is associated with increased serum adiponectin. However, anti-tumor necrosis factor [alpha] treatment does not seem to affect its levels. Our review provides an overview of studies on adiponectin levels in the bloodstream and other biological samples from SARD patients and presents some possible explanations why adiponectin is deregulated in the context of therapy and gene regulation.
Keywords		systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases interleukin 6 adiponectin sistemske avtoimunske revmatske bolezni interlevkin 6 adiponektin