Author/Editor		Petkovšek Gregorin, Romana; Križnar, Agata; Burger, Helena; Vidmar, Gaj
Title		Preprečevanje padcev pri pacientih po amputaciji spodnjega uda
Translated title		Prevention of falls in patients after lower limb amputation
Type		članek
Vol. and No.		Letnik 20, št. 1
Publication year		2021
Volume		str. 35-42
ISSN		1580-9315 - Rehabilitacija
Language		slv
Abstract		Izhodišče: Pacienti po amputaciji spodnjega uda v vseh fazah rehabilitacije padajo pogosteje kot zdrave odrasle osebe. Z raziskavo smo skušali ugotoviti, v kolikšni meri izobraževanje oseb po amputaciji spodnjega uda vpliva na pogostost padcev v bolnišničnem in domačem okolju in kateri so glavni dejavniki povečanega tveganja za padce pri teh osebah. Metode: V raziskavo smo vključili paciente po amputaciji spodnjega uda, ki so bili sprejeti na bolnišnično rehabilitacijo v letu 2016. Razdelili smo jih v dve skupini. Pacienti v testni skupini so se enkrat v času hospitalizacije udeležili 30-minutnega izobraževanja o preprečevanju padcev; pacienti kontrolne skupine se izobraževanja niso udeležili. Šest mesecev po odpustu smo od pacientov v telefonskem pogovoru pridobili želene informacije. Dobljene podatke smo analizirali z opisno statistiko in univariatnimi statističnimi testi. Rezultati: V raziskavo smo vključili 279 pacientov. V času hospitalizacije je padlo 20 pacientov (9,9 %). Med skupinama ni bilo statistično značilnih razlik v številu padcev pred, med in po hospitalizaciji. Pred hospitalizacijo in po njej so pogosteje padli pacienti, ki so imeli amputacijo le enega spodnjega uda in so bili sprejeti na rehabilitacijo po prvi amputaciji. Obstaja zelo nizka, a statistično značilna povezanost med številom padcev na URI - Soča in starostjo pacienta ter njegovimi kognitivnimi sposobnostmi, ki smo jih ocenili z Montrealskim testom za oceno kognitivnih funkcij (MoCA). Število padcev pred, med in po hospitalizaciji ni povezano s spolom pacientov. Zaključek: Izobraževanje o preprečevanju padcev ni vplivalo na število padcev pri pacientih po amputaciji spodnjega uda v bolnišnici in tudi ne v domačem okolju. Dejavniki tveganja za padce so starost, amputacija enega spodnjega uda in kognitivni upad. Izobraževanje bi bilo smiselno prilagoditi in nadaljevati.Background: Patients after lower limb amputation tend to fall more often during all phases of rehabilitation than healthy people. Our study aimed at finding out to what extent does the education of people after lower limb amputation affect the incidence of falls in the hospital and home environment, and which are the main risk factors for falls among those people. Methods: The study included patients after lower limb amputation who were admitted to inpatient rehabilitation in 2016. They were divided into two groups. The patients in the test group took part in a 30-minute education about fall prevention once during their hospital stay; the patients in the control group did not take part in such education. Six months after discharge we called the patients at their home and gathered the desired information. The collected data were analysed using descriptive statistics and univariate statistical tests. Results: The study included 279 patients. During hospital stay, 20 patients (9.9 %) had a fall. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in the incidence of falls before, during or after hospital stay. Before and after hospital stay, the patients who had had a single limb amputated or were admitted to inpatient rehabilitation after the first amputation experienced falls more often. There is a very weak but statistically significant association between falls in the rehabilitation hospital and patient%s age and his/her cognitive abilities (as assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA test). Gender was not associated with the incidence of falls before, during or after hospital stay. Conclusion: The education on fall prevention did not affect the incidence of falls in the hospital or in the home environment. Age, single lower-limb amputation and cognitive decline are risk factors for falls. It seems sensible to adapt and continue the fall-prevention education programme.
Descriptors		Amputation rehabilitation
Keywords		izobraževanje dejavniki tveganja padci amputacija education risk factors falls amputation