| Author/Editor | Gregorič, MR; Petelin-Suhadolnik, M | |
| Title | Quantitative analysis of motor functions in multiple sclerosis | |
| Type | članek | |
| Source | In: Vodušek DB, editor. Proceedings of the Symposium on multiple sclerosis with the 11th dr. Janez Faganel memorial lecture; 1995 Oct 6-7; Ljubljana. Ljubljana: University institute of clinical neurophysiology, | |
| Publication year | 1995 | |
| Volume | str. 80-95 | |
| Language | eng | |
| Abstract | Background: Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) exhibit various motor symptoms such as weakness, ataxia, increased reflex activity (spasticity), excessive fatigue, disorders of balance and gait, depending on the site of the pathological processes in the central nervous system. Objective measurement techniques of a wide range of motor disabilities are essential to proper testing and treatment planning. Reliable quantitative testing is needed to describe the extent of dysfunction in specific muscle groups, document groups, document changes and evaluate the effects of the treatment procedures and rehabilitation aids. The purpose of this report is to review the instrumental methods, used for measurements of various motor disabilites in patients with MS. Methods: The muscle strength and endurance can be tested in static (isometric) and dynamic (isotonic or isokinetic) conditions. In patients with MS the recording of torques in dynamic conditions reveals low values with increased contraction difficulties, increased contraction time, increased fatigue and decrease in tension-maintaining capacity of extensor and flexor muscles. The alterations of muscle tone are evaluated by manual, gravitational and controlled torque or displacement methods. The functions of posture and static equilibrium which are frequently disturbed in MS, are investigated by means of a force measuring platform (posturography, stabilometry). Special investigation methods are used for the evaluation of the kinematic and kinetic values and EMG activity during gait. Conclusion: Isokinetic testing is considered to be a safe and reliable form of objective neuromuscular testing for patients with multiple sclerosis. Ramp and hold treshold measurements and pendulum test offer acceptable objective measures of spastic hypertonia since they correlate closely with clinical perception. The role of static and dynamic posturography in assessment and treatment of patients with MS is yet to be determined.(truncated) | |
| Descriptors | MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS ELECTROMYOGRAPHY MUSCLE WEAKNESS MUSCLE FATIGUE POSTURE |