Author/Editor		Rus, Tanja; Peršolja, Melita
Title		Direct psychosocial health risk factors in hospital employees
Translated title		Direktni psihosocialni dejavniki tveganja za zdravje zaposlenih v bolnišnici
Type		članek
Vol. and No.		Letnik 56, št. 4
Publication year		2022
Volume		str. 264-279
ISSN		1318-2951 - Obzornik zdravstvene nege : strokovno glasilo Zveze društev medicinskih sester in zdravstvenih tehnikov Slovenije
Language		eng, slv
Abstract		Introduction: In the work environment, employee health is influenced by indirect and direct psychosocial risk factors which determine employee productivity and efficiency. The aim of the study was to determine the strength of the association and the influence of direct risk factors in the workplace on the psychophysical health of hospital employees. Method: A survey was conducted among a group of 112 out of 994 randomly selected general hospital employees. A standardised questionnaire on managing psychosocial risks and absenteeism (Cronbach α = 0.915) was used as the measurement instrument. We used quantitative data analysis to determine the correlations between the variables and regression analysis to determine the strength of the influence of the independent variables on the psychophysical health of hospital employees. Results: Respondents most frequently reported pain in the muscles of the shoulders, neck and/or upper limbs (n = 44, 39.3%), and feeling overburdened and fatigued (n = 52, 46.6%). Four of the six direct psychosocial risk factors were significantly correlated with hospital employees' psychophysical health: work environment, work equipment and physical exertion (rs = 0.385, p < 0.01); stresss resulting from socio-demographic circumstances (rs = 0.401, p < 0.01); pace of work (rs = 0.319, p < 0.01); and work relationship with superiors (rs = 0.261, p < 0.01). Psychophysical health was found to be significantly associated with (R2 = 0.18, p < 0.01) work environment, work equipment and physical exertion (R2 = 0.15, p < 0.05), as well as stress resulting from socio-demographic circumstances (R2 = 0.08, p < 0.05). Discussion and conclusion: Respondents need more direct supervision, consideration of their opinion in decisionmaking at the organisational level and more flexibility in terms of time constraints at work. It was found that the feelings of being overburdened and fatigued were mainly due to working night shifts, and that the most common health problem ‐ neck, shoulder and arm pain ‐ was due to heavy lifting and insufficient breaks from work.Uvod: V delovnem okolju na zdravje zaposlenih vplivajo indirektni in direktni psihosocialni dejavniki tveganja, ki določajo storilnost in učinkovitost zaposlenega. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti moč povezanosti direktnih dejavnikov tveganja pri delu na psihofizično zdravje zaposlenih v bolnišnici. Metode: Izvedena je bila presečna raziskava na 112 izmed 994 naključno izbranih zaposlenih v splošni bolnišnici. Kot merski instrument je bil uporabljen vprašalnik Obvladovanje psihosocialnih tveganj in absentizma (Cronbach α = 0,915). S kvantitativno analizo podatkov je bila raziskana povezanost med spremenljivkami in z regresijsko analizo moč neodvisnih spremenljivk na psihofizično zdravje zaposlenih. Rezultati: Anketiranci so izmed težav z zdravjem najpogosteje navedli bolečine v mišicah ramen, vratu in/ ali zgornjih udih (n = 44, 39,3 %), počutijo se preobremenjeni in utrujeni (n = 52, 46,6 %). S psihofizičnim zdravjem zaposlenih se značilno povezujejo štirje od šestih direktnih psihosocialnih dejavnikov tveganja, in sicer so ti delovno okolje, delovna oprema in fizične obremenitve (rs = 0,385, p < 0,01); obremenitve kot posledica sociodemografskih okoliščin (rs = 0,401, p < 0,01); delovna obremenitev in hitrost poteka dela (rs = 0,319, p < 0,01) in; odnos zaposlenega z nadrejenimi (rs = 0,261, p < 0,01). Psihofizično zdravje pojasnjujejo (R2 = 0,18, p < 0,01) delovno okolje, delovna oprema in fizične obremenitve (R2 = 0,15, p < 0,05) ter obremenitve kot posledica sociodemografskih okoliščin (R2 = 0,08, p < 0,05). Diskusija in zaključek: Anektirani potrebujejo več neposrednega nadzora, boljše upoštevanje njihovega mnenja pri odločanju na nivoju organizacije in večjo prilagoditev časovnih rokov pri delu. Preobremenjenost in utrujenost izhajata predvsem iz nočnega dela, najpogostejša težava z zdravjem ‐ bolečine v vratu, ramenih in rokah ‐ pa je povezana z dvigovanjem bremen in prekratkimi odmori med delom.
Keywords		psychophysical health risks nurses work environment delovno okolje psihofizično zdravje medicinske sestre tveganja