Author/Editor		Malovrh, Marko
Title		Presaditev ledvice
Translated title		Renal transplantation
Type		članek
Source		Zdrav Vestn
Vol. and No.		Letnik 65, št. 4-5
Publication year		1996
Volume		str. 215-20
Language		slo
Abstract		Background. Kidney transplantation is now widely accepted as a therapy for patients with end-stage renal disease. There is possible kidney transplantation from living related donor (LRD) or cadaveric donor. Survival of transplants from living donors is for 10 to 20% better than cadaveric transplants. Careful preoperative assessment of donors in LRD is essential to minimise the risk of mortality. Most studies of long-term follow-up do not show higher number of complications after LRD kidney donation. Over last few years there is a decline in numbers of cadaveric kidney transplantation all over the world. This is the main reason, besides the growing number patients on chronic hemodialysis, for increased kidney waiting lists. Cardiovascular diseases and infections are the most frequent complications in transplant patients. Azatioprin, glucocorticoids and cyclosporine are used in prevention of graft rejection, as well as antithymocyte globulin and monoclonal antibodies are used in treatment of graft rejection. Conclusions. Successful kidney transplantation improves the quality of life. Rehabilitation of patients is better. The number of patients on chronic hemodialysis and CAPD can be stable. With performing kidney transplantations the important economic saving can be achieved.
Summary		Izhodišča. Presaditev ledvice je široko sprejeta oblika nadomestnega zdravljenja končne odpovedi ledvic. Možna je presaditev ledvice živega dajalca ali ledvice umrle osebe. Preživetje presadkov živih dajalcev je za 10-20% boljše kot preživetje presadkov umrlih dajalcev. Skrbna priprava dajalca je potrebna za čim, manjše tveganje ob operaciji. Večina študij, ki poročajo o dolgoročnem spremljanju, ni pokazala večjih zapletov več let po odvzemu ledvice. Presaditev ledvic umrlih dajalcev je v zadnjem obdobju v svetu in tudi pri nas zaradi različnih razlogov v upadanju. Poleg večjega števila novih bolnikov na kronični hemodializi, posebno starejših, je to eden glavnih razlogov za porast števila bolnikov na čakalnih listah. Najpogostejši zapleti so okužbe in srčno-žilne bolezni. Kot imunosupresivna sredstva se uporabljajo azatioprin, glukokortikoidi, ciklosporin ter antitimocitni globulin in monoklonalna protitelesa. Zaključki. Presaditev ledvice omogoča boljšo kakovost življenja, hitrejšo in boljšo rehabilitacijo, vzdrževanje stabilnega števila bolnikov na hemodializi in CAPD in večji ekonomski prihranek.
Descriptors		KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION PROGNOSIS TISSUE DONORS QUALITY OF LIFE Cadaver IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS