| Author/Editor | Lejko-Zupanc, Tatjana | |
| Title | Stranski učinki antibiotikov | |
| Translated title | Adverse effects of antimicrobial agents | |
| Type | članek | |
| Source | Med Razgl | |
| Vol. and No. | Letnik 35, št. Suppl 1 | |
| Publication year | 1996 | |
| Volume | str. 67-85 | |
| Language | slo | |
| Abstract | Antimicrobial agents can cause numerous side effects. Any organ can be affected. Some of the most important side effects ot antimicrobial treafment are summarized. An emphasis is made on the ecological impact of the use of antibiotics. rr renal and liver disease, during pregnancy, in obesity and in critically ill and the elderly. In order to make a rational choice of antibiotic an optimal relationship between antimicrobial pharmacokinetics and the pharmacodynamics must be achieved. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship markers of some antibiotic groups are reviewed. DaCWi,aerobic bacteria, spirochetes, mycoplasma, rickettsia and chlamydia. The long-term use predisposed the emergence of nsislance in some bacteria. Tetracyclines are used in treatment of tick-borne bacterial infections, sexually transmitted diseases (usuallycombined with other antibiotics), brucellosis, cholera and some respiratorytract infections, mainly atypical pneumonia. Trealment of bacterial infections in children, younger than nine years and pregnant women, because of permanent teeth dlscMoration, is not recommended. Penicillins remain the most useful and least toxic antibiotics. They are active against gram-positive bacteria, aerobic and anaerobic, especially cocci and spirochetes. Combinations of penicillins with beta-lactamase inhibitors enhanced activity of aminopenicillins against beta-lactamase producing strains. The presence of food in the stomach interferes with the absorption of penicillins, amoxicillin being'fhe exception. The most common side effects are hypersensitivity reactions. Conclusions. Penicillins are useful for the treatment of infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria, Neisseria sp., H. influenzae, E. coli, B. catarrhalis, Salmonella sp., Shigella sp., B. burgdorferi, T. pallidum. Penicillins are also used for rheumatic fever and bacterial endocarditis prophylaxis. | |
| Descriptors | ANTIBIOTICS DRUG INTERACTIONS DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY |