Author/Editor		Keber, I
Title		Dislipidemije v otroštvu
Translated title		Dyslipidemias in childhood
Type		članek
Source		Slov Pediatr
Vol. and No.		Letnik 3, št. 1-3
Publication year		1996
Volume		str. 60-5
Language		slo
Abstract		Hyperlipidemias in children are defined with the values of blood total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol or triglycerides exceeding the age and sex-adjusted 95th percentile values, while dyslipidemias include also those lipid metabolic disorders characterized by high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol values lower than are the age and sex-adjusted 5th percentile values or by quantitative changes in blood lipoproteins. Dyslipidemias in childhood are either primary metabolic disorders of blood lipids and lipoproteins or secondary consequences of other diseases (liver disease, hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus and the nephrotic syndrom or due to exogenous factors (dietary influences, treatment with some drugs). The most important clinical result of dyslipidemias is accelerated atherosclerosis, especially premature coronary artery disease. Genetic dyslipidemias associated with accelerated atherosclerosis are familial hypercholesterolemia, polygenic hypercholesterolemia, familial combined hyperlipidemia, familial dysbetalipoproteinemia, elevated lipoprotein(a) level and hypoalphalipoproteinemia. The atherogenic risk is the highest in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia, while the most prevalent atherogenic genetic hyperlipidemia in children and adolescents is familial combined hyperlipidemia. Primary hyperlipidemias characterized by high elevation of blood triglycerides (chylomicronemia syndrome) causing acute pancreatitis are rare in childhood. This syndrome occurs in genetic deficiency of lipoprotein lipase, in genetic deficiency of apoprotein C-II and in type V dyslipoproteinemia.
Descriptors		HYPERLIPIDEMIA CHILD HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA