| Author/Editor | Vene-Klun, N | |
| Title | Preprečevanje in zdravljenje hiperlipidemij v otroštvu in pri mladostnikih | |
| Translated title | Prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemias in children and adolescents | |
| Type | članek | |
| Source | Slov Pediatr | |
| Vol. and No. | Letnik 3, št. 1-3 | |
| Publication year | 1996 | |
| Volume | str. 71-6 | |
| Language | slo | |
| Abstract | Since the atherosclerotic process begins in childhood and is even then affected by risk factors, we nowadays attempt to lower blood cholesterol already in children and adolescents. As in adults, the population and the individualised approach is taken. The population approach is based on changes in nutrition intake patterns in the whole population including children aged 2 years and older in order to lower total fat intake to less than 30%, saturated fatty acids to less than 10% of total nutrition energy value and cholesterol to less than 300 mg per day. In childhood any excessive modification and restriction of nutrition is avoided because optimal nutrition is essential for normal growth and development. To be successful in our attempts to change nutrition and eating patterns, education in healthy nutrition should include the whole family as well as schools, food industry and mass media. The individual approach aims to identify and treat children with the greatest risk, particularly those with a family history of premature coronary disease. In children with borderline level of blood cholesterol (low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol 2.8 - 3.4 mmol/l) a step-one diet is initiated. A step-two diet is initiated at IDL cholesterol level over 3,4 mmol/l if step-one has not been sucessful. Both diets were tested on a large number of children and are safe if appropriately conducted. Only a small proportion of children should be considered as candidates for drug treatment as there are no definitive data on efficiency and safety of such treatment in children. The decision on drug therapy must always be individual, taking into account the level of hypercholesterolaemia, family history and other risk factors. At present only bile acid sequestrants are used. Statins are also promising, while longterm safety of other drugs has not been established yet. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters.) | |
| Descriptors | HYPERLIPIDEMIA CHILD ADOLESCENCE DIET, FAT-RESTRICTED |