Author/Editor		Pečan, Marija; Koželj, Vesna; Koželj, Greta; Marn-Skok, Sonja
Title		Local preincisional infiltration with bupivacaine and peri-operative analgesic consumption in cleft palate children
Type		članek
Source		In: Lee ST, Huang M, editors. Transactions of the 8th international congress on cleft palate and related craniofacial anomalies; 1997 Sep 7-12; Singapore. Singapore: Academy of medicine,
Publication year		1997
Volume		str. 820-5
Language		eng
Abstract		The purpose was to study the effects of infiltration of surgical field with bupivacaine on intraoperative analgesic consumption and postoperative pain and discomfort in 50 small children operated on for cleft palate. Three groups of patients were studied: Group I was administered 0.25% bupivacaine and epinephrine, group 2 was administered epinephrine and normal saline, and group 3 was administered 0.5% bupivacaine and epinephrine. All patients were operated on under i.v. anaesthesia with fentanyl and midazolam. Patients were monitored continously and the bupivacaine concentration in the blood was measured. Four pain assessments were carried out postoperatively. Pain and discomfort were allevated with analgesic suppositories. Time to first analgesia was measured. In groups 1 and 3, a significantly lower intraoperative dosage of fentanyl was required (5.1 micro g and 5.3 micro g/kg) than in group 2 (6.8 micro g/kg). Patients in groups 1 and 2 needed the first pain relieving suppository significantly sooner than those in group 3. The highest average concentrations of bupivacaine in the blood occurred 15 minutes after infiltration. This study shows that pre-incisional infiltration of surgical field with bupivacaine lowered intraoperative analgesic consumption in groups 1 and 3. An infiltratoin of 0.5% bupivacaine prolonged the time to the first analgesic administered in the early postoperative period.
Descriptors		BUPIVACAINE CLEFT PALATE PREANESTHETIC MEDICATION EPINEPHRINE ANESTHESIA, LOCAL CHILD ANESTHESIA, INTRAVENOUS FENTANYL PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIA