Author/Editor		Kavčič, Martina
Title		Okužbe s praživalmi v bolnišnici
Translated title		Protozoa and hospital infections
Type		članek
Source		Zdrav Vars
Vol. and No.		Letnik 36, št. 11-12
Publication year		1997
Volume		str. 411-4
Language		slo
Abstract		In the past hospital infections with protozoa used to be considered as exotic and rare phenomena, but they are becoming a topical subject owing to the spreading of AIDS and the ever greater possibilities for blood and organs transplantation. Recently, even new human pathogens among protozoa (Cryptosporidium, Cyclospora) have been recognised. Protozoa are divided into parasites of digestive organs and genitourinary system and into blood and tissue parasites. From the transmission viewpoint the first group is important for hospital infections through contact (from person to person), through infected food and water, through things and exploratory instruments. In the second group the transmission is possible through transplantation of infected tissues and organs and through transfusion of infected blood. Development of clinical picture after infections depends to a great extent on immunology state of organism which is, however, in hospitalised patients usually deficient. Therefore at the prevention of hospital infections with protozoa, a through personal hygiene must be stressed. Of special importance is frequent and pedantic handwashing, provision of safe drinking water and food, and consideration of recommendations i.e. criteria of blood and organ donation.
Summary		Bolnišnične okužbe s praživalmi so v preteklosti veljale za eksotičen in redek pojav. Zaradi širjenja aidsa in vse večjih možnosti za transplantacijo organov in transfuzijo krvi in krvnih komponent pa postajajo aktualen problem. V zadnjem času so bili spoznani celo novi humani patogeni med praživalmi (kriptosporidij, ciklospora). Praživali delimo na parazite prebavil, sečil in rodil ter na parazite krvi in tkiv. Prva skupina je za bolnišnične okužbe pomembna z vidika prenosa s kontaktom (od osebe na osebo), preko okužbe vode in hrane, preko predmetov ter preiskovalnih instrumentov. Pri drugi skupini je prenos možen pri presaditvi okuženih tkiv in organov ter transfuzije krvi. Racoj klinične slike po okužbi je v velikimeri odvisen od imunskega stanja organizma. To pa je pri hospitaliziranih bolnikih običajno okrnjeno. ato je pri preprečevanju bolnišničnih okužb s praživalmi pomembna skrbna osebna higiena. Posebno pomembno je pogossto in natančno umivanje rok, skrb za neoporečno pitno vodo in hrano ter upoštevanje priporočil oz. meril pri darovanju krvi in organov.
Descriptors		CROSS INFECTION PROTOZOAN INFECTIONS GIARDIA LAMBLIA ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS CRYPTOSPORIDIUM ISOSPORA PLASMODIUM MALARIAE BABESIA TRYPANOSOMA TOXOPLASMA