Author/Editor		Reberšek-Gorišek, Jelka; Ogrizek-Pelkič, Ksenija
Title		Naše izkušnje s serološko diagnostiko toksoplazmoze v nosečnosti
Translated title		Our experience in serologic diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in pregnancy
Type		članek
Source		Med Razgl
Vol. and No.		Letnik 37, št. Suppl 1
Publication year		1998
Volume		str. 115-22
Language		slo
Abstract		The intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii causes acute or chronic congenital or acquired infection, with or without symptoms. In healthy humans acute infection is asymptomatic, or with mild signs of disease. However, it represents a serious hazard for patients with deficient immune response, and in pregnancy as the fetus is at risk. As a rule, latent infection does not menace the fetus. There are various clinical manifestations as well as consequences of congenital toxoplasmosis which are a results of acute infection in the mother. The risk of infection transmission depends mainly on the duration of pregnancy. Serologic screening of pregnant women offers the possibility of detecting fresh infections and of introducing treatment immediately. In Slovenia identification of specific IgG, IgM, IgM antibodies is the most frequent method of confirming the infection. A precise definition of whether the infection occurred before or after pregnancy is essential. In Maribor an advisory group has been formed which gives advice on the detection and treatment of toxoplasmosis in pregnancy. The experience of this group drew attention to the gravity of the problem of interpreting the results of serologic tests for toxoplasmosis in pregnancy, particularly due to the application of various serologic tests, different manufacturers, the varying course of serologic tests, the choice of cut-off values and the choice of the laboratory. The authors believe that the standardization of tests and procedures as well as the seting of criteria for laboratory diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in Slovenia, and the introduction of new methods into routine diagnosis - particularly polymerase chain reaction - would contribute greatly to an easier interpretation of results and thus to the improvement of diagnosis regarding T. gondii infection.
Summary		Znotrajcelični zajedalec Toxoplasma gondii povzroča akutno ali kronično prirojeno ali pridobljeno okužbo s simptomi ali brez. Akutna okužba poteka pri zdravem človeku brez simptomov ali z blagimi znaki bolezni, resno nevarnost pa predstavlja za bolnike s pomanjkljivim imunskim odzivom in v nosečnosti, ker ogroža plod. Latentna okužba ploda praviloma ne ogroža. Klinične manifestacije prirojene toksoplazmoze, ki je posledica akutne okužbe matere, so različne, prav tako posledice. Tveganje prenosa okužbe je bistveno odvisno od trajanja nosečnosti. Serološko pregledovanje nosečnic daje možnost odkrivanja svežih okužb in možnost takojšnjega zdravljenja. Dokazovanje specifičnih protiteles IgG, IgM, IgA je najpogostejši način potrjevanja okužbe v Sloveniji. Pomembna je natančna opredelitev, ali je okužba nastopila pred zanositvijo ali po njej. V Mariboru smo ustanovili posvetovalno skupino za svetovanje na področju odkrivanja in zdravljenja toksoplazmoze v nosečnosti. Izkušnje te skupine so opozorile na težo problema interpretacije rezultatov seroloških testov na toksoplazmozo v nosečnosti, predvsem zaradi uporabe različnih seroloških testov, različnih proizvajalcev, različnega poteka seroloških testiranj, izbire mejnih vrednosti in izbire laboratorijev. Avtorici sta mnenja, da bi standardiziranje testov in postopka ter postavitev kriterijev za laboratorijsko diagnostiko toksoplazmoze v Sloveniji ter uvajanje novih metod, zlasti verižne reakcije s polimerazo, v rutinsko diagnostiko, veliko pripomoglo k lažji interpretaciji rezultatov in s tem k izboljšanju diagnostike okužb s Toxoplasma gondii.
Descriptors		TOXOPLASMOSIS PREGNANCY SERODIAGNOSIS IGG IGA IGM