Author/Editor		Skalerič, Uroš; Venkateshan, C; Wahl, Sharon M
Title		Superoxide release and cytopathogenic effects in gingival fibroblasts exposed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV)
Translated title		Vpliv virusa imunske pomanjkljivosti (HIV) in herpes simpleks virusa (HSV) na sproščanje superoksida in citopatogene učinke pri fibroblastih dlesne
Type		članek
Source		Zdrav Vestn
Vol. and No.		Letnik 67, št. Suppl 2
Publication year		1998
Volume		str. II-87-90
Language		eng
Abstract		Background. Clinical signs of periodontal disase and herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are recognized complications in HIV infected patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether viral infections such as HIV and HSV induce the release of superoxide and contribute to cytopathogenic effects and cell death of gingival fibroblasts. Materials and methods. Primary cultures of gingival fibroblasts were prepared by the method of explanti culture. Fibroblasts were exposed to HIV-1 and HSV-1 and the relase of superoxide measured spectrophotometrically by the reduction of ferricytochrome C for the period of 5 hours. Cytopathogenic effects and cell death of fibroblasts exposed to HIV-1 and HSV-1 were observed by light microscopy and the release of 14V-labeled adenine during the 4 days observation period. Results. HIV-1 induced up to 0.5 nmol and HSV-1 up to 1.2 nmol of superoxide from gingival fibroblasts in the 5 hours observation period. The release of O2-was only partially suppressed by the addition of superoxide dismutase. HIV-1 induced only minor cytopathogenic effects and dealth of gingival fibroblasts in the 4 days observation period. HSV-1, however, induced pronounced cytopathogenic effects and complete lysis of gingival fibroblasts after 4 days of the observation period. The cytolysis of fibroblasts exposed to HSV-1 was not prevented by the addition of superoxide dismutase. Conclusions. Guman gingival fibroblasts after an exposure to HIV-1 released only a low amount of superoxide and showed only minor morphological changes and cell deaths. HSV-1 induced a relatively high level of superoxide release in gingival fibroblasts, which might contribute to pronounced cytopathogenic effects and cytolysis of these cells during the 4 days observation period. We are concluding that superoxide released from HSV exposed gingival fibroblasts could play a role in pathogenesis of oral herpes simplex virus infections.
Summary		Izhodišča. Klinični znaki parodontalne bolezni in okužba z virusom herpesa simpleksa so znani zapleti pri pacientih, okuženih s HIV. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti, ali virusni infekciji s HIV in HSV sprožita sproščanje superoksidnega radikala iz fibroblastov dlesne in prispevata k citopatogenim učinkom ter uničenju teh celic. Materiali in metode. Primarne kulture fibroblastov dlesne smo pripravili iz vzorcev zdrave dlesne, odvzetih med kirurškim odstranjevanjem impaktiranega modrostnika. Fibroblaste smo izpostavili HIV-1 in HSV-1 in spektrofotometrično merili sproščanje superoksida z metodo reduciranega fericitokroma C v razponu 5 ur. Citopatogene učinke in uničenje fibroblastov, izpostavljenih HIV-1 in HSV-1 v obdobju 4 dni, smo opazovali s svetlobnim mikroskopom in z merjenjem količine sproščenega 14C adenina v celični medij. Rezultati. HIV-1 je podbudil sproščanje do 0,5 nmol-a, HSV-1 pa do 1,2 nmol-a superoksida iz fibroblastov v 5-ih urah poteka eksperimenta. Sproščanje 02-je bilo samo deloma zavrto ob dodatku encima superoksid dismutaze. HIV-1 je povzročil samo manjše morfološke spremembe in minimalno uničenje fibroblastov dlesne v teku 4ih dni, HSV-1 pa je povzročil izrazite citopatogene učinke in popolno razbradnjo fibroblastov dlesne v enakem opazovalnem obdobju. Dodatek encima superoksid dismutaze ni preprečil uničenja celic. Zaključki. HIV-1 sproži samo nizko količino superoksida in povzroči majhne morfološke spremembe na fibroblastih človeške dlesne. HSV-1 pa nasprotno sproži v fibroblastih relativno veliko količino superoksida in povzroči obsežne citopatološke učinke in razgradnjo celic med 4-dnevnim potekom eksperimenta. Zaključujemo, da superoksidni radikal, ki se sprosti iz fibroblastov dlesne, izpostavljenih HSV lahko prispeva k razvoju oralnih znakov infekcij z virusom herpesa simpleksa.
Descriptors		FIBROBLASTS HIV HERPES SIMPLEX GINGIVA SUPEROXIDES