Author/Editor     Škarabot, M; Čepič, Mojca; Žekš, B; Blinc, R; Heppke, G; Kityk, AV; Muševič, I
Title     Birefringence and tilt angle in the antiferroelectric, ferroelectric, and intermediate phases of chiral smectic liquid crystals
Type     članek
Source     Phys Rev E
Vol. and No.     Letnik 58, št. 1
Publication year     1998
Volume     str. 575-84
Language     eng
Abstract     Using a high resolution optical polarimeter, we have measured the temperature dependence of the birefringence and optical rotation in chiral smectic liquid crystals that exhibit antiferroelectric, ferroelectric, and intermediate phases. The temperature dependence of the magnitude of the tilt was determined from the birefringence of 4-(1-methyl-heptyloxycarbonyl-phen) 4'-octylbiphenyl-4-carboxylate (MPHOBC) and of 4-(1-methylheptyloxycarbonyl-phenyl) 4'-octylarbonyloxybiphenyl-4-carboxylate (MHPOCBC). Both substances exhibit a crossover of the order parameter exponent from the classical value of beta = 0.5 close to the transition to the tricritical value beta = 0.25 far away. This stresses the importance of the sixth order terms in the Landau free-energy expansion for ferroelectric and atiferrooelectric liquid crystals. In addition, a discontinuous behavior in the magnitude of the tilt is observed when crossing the smectic-C* alpha -smectic-C* or smectic-C* -smectic-C*A transitions, whereas the smectic-A-smectic-C*alpha transition is continuous. The simultaneously determined optical rotation is used to elucidate the structures and the nature of phase transitions. The results are well explaine dwithin the framework of a discrete phenomenological model with nearest and next nearest neighbor interactions between the smectic layers.
Descriptors     BIOPHYSICS
THERMODYNAMICS
CRYSTALLIZATION
OPTICAL ROTATION