Author/Editor		Kurz, R
Title		The paediatrician's approach to the "best interest" of children
Translated title		Pediatrov pristop k načelu "za otroka le najboljše"
Type		članek
Source		Slov Pediatr
Vol. and No.		Letnik 5, št. Suppl 2
Publication year		1998
Volume		str. 10-3
Language		eng
Abstract		Today's basis of consideration as to what is the best interest of children is the basic right of all human beings to be free and equal in dignity and rights - article one of the General Declaration of Human Rights. Accordingly, children are entitled to the right of full identity. Our societis imply several philosophical trends and ideologies. Ethics however, needs the the determination of principles approaching the essence of the child's personality and respecting her/his sacrosanct and unique life, as uninfluenced as possible by ideologies. There are two ways supporting the paediatrician's approach to the best interest of children : 1.) The observance of general consequences of the Declaration of the rights of children proclamed by UNICEF in 1959 and approved by the United nations in 1989. About 26 articles concern medical and social demands defining the needs of children in favour of providing healthy development of children and adolescents. 2) The observance of special consequences in medical situations where peculiar ethical problems arise : a) Molecular biology and gene technology: The European Convention on Biothics tried to find a consensus to save human dignity and freedom, b) Prenatal diagnosis and abortion: This topic demonstrates the inability of our society to save human life when it is not desirable, c) Research: The Declaration of Helsinki in the latest version and the recommendations of Good Clinical Practice are the actual basis of ethical recommendations for research, d) Informed Consent: Children should be informed in language relevant to their age, a written informed consent should be given from the age of 14 years, e) Witholding or withdrawal of life supporting measures: This is appropriate in extreme situations of unberable suffering, but must be considered very carefully including optimal palliative therapy and nursing.(Abstract truncated at 2000 characters)
Summary		Če danes razmišljamo o temeljih načela "za otroka le najboljše", je to zagotovo temeljna pravica vseh ljudi, da so svobodni in "enaki" v svojem dostojanstvu in pravicah, o čemer govori 1. člen Splošne deklaracije o človekovih pravicah. Glede na to imajo otroci pravico, da so samostojne osebnosti. V sodobnih družbah vladajo različne filozofske smeri inideologije. Etika pa potrebuje trdna načela ob bistvu otrokove osebnosti, ki spoštujejo otrokovo sveto in enkratno življenje. To žilvljenje mora biti kar se da neodvisno od različnih ideologij. Obstaja dva načina za pediatrov pristop k načelu "za otroka le najboljše": 1. izpolnjevanje splošnih navodil Deklaracije o otrokovih pravicah, ki jo je razglasil UNICEF leta 1959, in odobili Združeni narodi leta 1989. Približno 26 členov govori o medicinskih in socialnih potrebah otrok in mladosnikov, ki opredeljujejo njihov zdrav razvoj. 2. Kadar gre za posebne etične probleme, upoštevamo naslednja načela: a) Molekularna biologija in genska tehnologija: Evropska konvencija o bioetiki je skušala najti soglasje, da bi zaščitila človekovo dostojanstvo in svobodo; b) prenatalna diagnostika in splav: To področje kaže na nesposobnost naše družbe, da bi rešila človeško življenje, kadar to ni zaželeno; c) Raziskovanje: Helsinška deklaracija v svoji zadnji različici in priporočila o dobri klinični praksi so današnji temelji za etična priporočila o raziskovanju; d) Privolitev po predhodni poučitvi: Otroke moramo poučiti na način, ki je primeren njihovi starosti, od 14. leta starosti dalje je potrebna pisna privolitev; e) Opustitev ali odtegnitev ukrepov, ki vzdržujejo življenje: To je upravičeno le v izjemnih primerih, ko otroci neznosno trpijo, za otrokovo smrt ali premišljen uboj pa predstavljata za zdravnika nevarno področje.(Izvleček prekinjen pri 2000 znakih)
Descriptors		CHILD HEALTH SERVICES CHILD WELFARE CHILD ADVOCACY CHILD