Author/Editor		Debeljak, Maruša
Title		Molekularna karakterizacija promotorja in 3'-neprevedene regije gena za kapa-kazein pri govedu
Translated title		Molecular characterisation of promoter and 3'utr of the bovine kappa-casein gene
Type		monografija
Place		Ljubljana
Publisher		Medicinska fakulteta
Publication year		1998
Volume		str. 101
Language		slo
Abstract		Differential production and expression between allelic variants A and B of bovine kappa-casein (kappa-CN) has been observed at the protein and mRNA levels in previous studies. This differences in allelic expression have an important effect on the casein composition of milk. In this investigation, several possible molecular effects were studied to understand the nature of this phenomena. Binding regions for three different transcription factors to a 450-bp fragment of the proximal promoter region of the bovine kappa-CN gene were detected using footprinting and mobility shift analysis. Binding sites for NF1 (nt-342 to nt-357), AP2 (nt-411 to nt-422), and possibly, MGF (nt-380 to nt-393) were identified in the sequence. We have not identified any genetic polymorphisms in the proximal promoter region (1073nt) of the kappa-CN gene in Holstein-Friesian cattle having the milk protein genotype AA, BB and EE. Therefore, we concluded that differential allelic expression is not due to changes of transcriptional activity of the proximal kappa-CN promoter. Several point mutation were detected in the 3' flanking region of the bovine kappa-CN gene between allelic variants A and B. It is possible that these mutations may play a role in stability and translation of the mRNA. This has not been confirmed, however we found the RNA transcripts between the two allelic variants to be different in length, suggesting the possibility that the part of the differential allelic expression could be due to posttranscriptional regulation.
Descriptors		CASEINS POINT MUTATION MILK TRANSCRIPTION, GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS CATTLE ALLELES PROMOTER REGIONS (GENETICS) GENOTYPE DNA FOOTPRINTING POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION DNA ELECTROPHORESIS, AGAR GEL BASE SEQUENCE RNA, MESSENGER