Author/Editor		Rozman, Janez; Pihlar, B; Jenko, M
Title		Behavior of platinum stimulating electrodes in physiological media
Translated title		Obnašanje platinastih stimulacijskih elektrod v fiziološkem pomenu
Type		članek
Source		Kovine zlit tehnol
Vol. and No.		Letnik 36, št. 6
Publication year		1998
Volume		str. 533-8
Language		eng
Abstract		Electrical stimulation of neuro-muscular system generates a response in excitable cells by an electrical field between two electrodes produced by the flow of ions, i.e., ionic current, in the biological tluid. The compatibility of a chronic neural prostheses requires that the electrical charge must be delivered without producing toxic reactions products or degrading the electrode. For a given electrode there is a limit to the quantity of charge that can be injected in either the anodic or cathodic direction with reversible surface processes. This limit will depend upon the size of the electrode, its geometry, and the parametres of the stimulating waveform. To determine this limit experimentally, knowledge of the potential range over which they can occur is required. The electrochemical technique of cyclic voltammetry can delmeate an operational potential window between hydrogen and oxygen evolution. Keeping the electrode potential within this window during pulsmg guarantees that water electro(ysis reaction will not occur. The study reported here seeks to characterize platinum electrode behavior of the multielectrode spiral cuff system for selective stimulation of different superfcial regions of peripheraŽ nerves in a protein containing solution. Each platinum electrode of the cuff system had a tlat geometric surface of 2 mm . In a typical cyclic voltammetry experiment, the potential of the tested electrode versus a Saturated Calomel Electrode (SCE) was cycled at an appropriate rate between two potential limits. All measurement have been carried out using a specially designed electrochemical cell at 37oC, and the Potentiostat/Galvanostat (Princeton Applied Research). Besides, invesugations of surfaces of electrodes using high resolution AES method were performed.
Descriptors		PERIPHERAL NERVES ELECTRIC STIMULATION THERAPY ELECTRODES, IMPLANTED PLATINUM ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ELECTROCHEMISTRY MODELS, CHEMICAL