Author/Editor		Remškar, Zlata; Mušič, Ema
Title		Poklicna astma - prikaz dveh bolnikov s preobčutljivostjo na toluendiizocianat
Translated title		Occupational asthma - two case reports with hypersensitivity to toluendiisocyanat
Type		članek
Source		Zdrav Vestn
Vol. and No.		Letnik 68, št. 4
Publication year		1999
Volume		str. 227-9
Language		slo
Abstract		Background. Occupational asthma is inflammatory disease of lower respiratory tract. It is caused by inhalation of protein particles and organic or anorganic low-molecular-weight substances in the working environment. Especially at the begging, the activity of the disease is tipically dependent upon exposure to the working environment. Some authors disagree with the proposed definition of occupational asthma and rather call it a syndrome. Due to different ethiopathogenetic mechanisms they believe it is a group of diseases which all clinically present as occupational asthma,rather then a single disease. Patients. Two cases of occupational asthma due to toluendiisocyanat are shown in brother and sister, who both also developed hypersensitive pneumonitis. They both have been working at factory Plama Podgrad. Conclusions. Presented cases support the hypothesis of some authors that occupational asthma is a syndrome rather then a single disease. In both patients the disease first presented as asthma and later evolved into hypersensitive pneumonitis. Systematic follow up of workers in risk working environment is discused. Early diagnosis is especially important in view of prevention of development of chronic pulmonary disease.
Summary		Izhodišča. Poklicna astma je vnetna bolezen spodnjih dihal, ki nastane zaradi vdihovanja beljakovinskih delcev in organskih ali neorganskih nizkomolekularnih snovi na delovnem mestu. Značilno zanjo je, da se pojavi šele po krajšem ali daljšem obdobju izpostalvjenosti snovi v delovnem okolju ter da je aktivnost bolezni, še zlasti v začetnem razdobju, odvisna od prisotnosti v delovnem okolju. Zunaj delovnega okolja ni astmatičnih težav. Nekateri avtorji se z navedeno definicijo poklicne astme ne strinjajo ter govorijo o sindromu poklicne astme. Menijo, da poklicna astma ni enovita bolezen, temveč gre za več etiopatogensko različnih bolezni, ki jim je skupina klinična slika astme. Bolniki. Prikazana sta dva bolnika, brat in sestra, z ugotovljeno poklicno astmo na toluendizocianat, kateri so se pridružili tudi kazalci preobčutljivostnega pnevmonitisa. Oba sta bila zaposlena v tovarni Plama Podgrad. Zaključki. prikazana primera podpirata mnenje avtorjev, ki govorijo o sindromu poklicne astme. Bolezen se je pri obeh bolnikih namreč izrazila z dvema etiopatogenetsko različnima bolezenskima stanjama, astmo in preobčutljivostnim pnevmonitisom. Poudarjen je še pomen sistematičnejšega zdravstvenega nadzorovanja delavcev v delovnih okoljih s tveganjem zaradi zgodnje diagnoze in preprečitve prehoda v kronično obliko pljučne bolezni.
Descriptors		ASTHMA OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES TOLUENE 2,4-DIISOCYANATE MIDDLE AGE ALVEOLITIS, EXTRINSIC ALLERGIC